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Writing a Successful Abstract: Tips and Guidelines

Learn about the different types of abstracts, the components they should include, and how to review and score them. This presentation covers oral and poster presentations and various types of abstracts such as research, clinical case studies, and more.

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Writing a Successful Abstract: Tips and Guidelines

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  1. How to Write a Successful AbstractLori Wiener, DCSW, PhDCo-Director, Behavioral Health CoreDirector, Psychosocial Support and Research ProgramPediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute

  2. Presentation Overview: • Types of abstracts • Components of abstracts • Review criteria • Typical methods for scoring

  3. Presentation Types: • Oral presentation • Poster presentation

  4. Types of Abstracts: • Research abstracts • Clinical research • Systematic literature review • Clinical case study • Clinical policy/Program evaluation

  5. Research Abstract

  6. Abstract Components: • Background/Purpose • Methods • Results • Conclusions • Research Implications/Clinical Implications • Learning Objectives

  7. Background* • The first sentence should clearly introduce the topic. • Build on the topic. Summarize previous work, including deficiencies of the existing research. • Describe the key research question. * Topic, Purpose, Research Question

  8. Methods: How you conducted your study and what exactly you did. • What was the research design? • Who were the participants? • Where did the study take place? • What was the sample size? Control group? • What treatments/assessments were administered? • How did you recruit participants? • Describe primary outcomes measured (e.g. reduced distress, pain, anxiety, depression, fatigue).

  9. Results: • Describe the results/findings from your study. • This is the most important part of the abstract since readers learn about the findings of your study. Give details. • Example: Response rates differed significantly between mothers and fathers of pediatric cancer patients. • Example: The response rate was higher in mothers than in fathers of pediatric cancer patients (49% vs 30%, respectively; P<0.01).

  10. Conclusion: • The important take home message should be presented here. It should often relate to the primary outcome measured in the study. • Describe any additional findings of importance. • Do not claim more than the data suggests. • The importance of the findings related to clinical work, future research, or the field should be included.

  11. Program Abstract

  12. Program abstract: • Background: clinical reason why the program was developed • Description of program • Findings: evaluations completed if available (approximately 2 sentences) • Future directions/needs for your program/future programs (1-2 sentences)

  13. Case Presentation Abstract

  14. Case Presentation: • Background referral problem • Assessment and treatment plan • Results • Challenges • Clinical significance to field of pediatric oncology social work

  15. Background: • The first sentence should clearly introduce the topic. • Build on the topic. Summarize previous work (deficiencies of this existing research). • e.g. Children with cancer can experience anxiety pertaining to body image changes. Limited research has been conducted in this area. • Why the referral was made/client was seen

  16. Assessment / Treatment Plan: • Describe your assessment of critical clinical issues. • Describe your/team interventions

  17. Results, Challenges, Clinical Significance: • Briefly describe the results of your/teams interventions (1-2 sentences) • Describe challenges (1-2 sentences) • Clinical significance to the field of pediatric oncology social work (1 sentence)

  18. Review and Revise

  19. Read your abstract all the way through: • Add transition words to tie ideas together • Eliminate unnecessary content • Add things that are missing, • Correct mechanical errors • Avoid vague adjectives (very, many) • Proofread! • Have a colleague provide feedback

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