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Three World Religions

Explore the oldest of the three major religions, Judaism, along with Christianity and Islam. Discover their beliefs, holy books, and how they spread across the world. Compare and contrast their teachings to understand the impact they have had on history.

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Three World Religions

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  1. Three World Religions Chapter 12 Lesson 2

  2. Judaism • Oldest of 3 major religions of SW Asia • Holy book called Torah • 5 sacred texts that record Judaism’s beliefs • Records how God made special covenant with Jewish people • Covenant: sacred agreement between God and his chosen people, Jews, if they obeyed his laws

  3. Judaism-cont. • Messiah • To some Jews, Messiah was leader God had promised would save them • Ten Commandments • Given by God to Moses • Contains the laws Jews must obey • Demands belief in one God and a moral life • Forbade stealing, lying, cheating, and killing

  4. Judaism-cont. • Holy Land: Palestine • Also known as Eretz Israel which is the historic land of Israel • Southwest Asia country with largest Jewish population • Israel • 75% of population is Jewish

  5. Islam • Founder: Muhammad • Holy Book: Quran • Book where revelations or words spoken by Gabriel • Islam means submission to God • “People of the Book” • Reference used by Muhammad to describe Jews and Christians

  6. Islam-cont. • Dome of the Rock: where Muhammad ascended to heaven • Mecca and its importance: Muslim holy land where Muhammad first claimed his beliefs • Medina: where Muhammad fled to escape persecution • Five Pillars of Islam: duties of all Muslims

  7. Christianity • Holy Book: Bible • Contains Christian beliefs • Gospels: Book in the Bible that contains Jesus’ message • Messiah • Christians believe Jesus is the Messiah who God chose to bring salvation to all people

  8. Christianity-cont. • Holy Land: Jerusalem (Palestine) • 6% of SW Asia’s population is Christian • Country in SW Asia with largest Christian population • Lebanon • 38% • Largest Christian population in world • Europe and America

  9. Additional Vocabulary • Monotheism: belief in one God • Polytheism: belief in more than one God • Hebrew: Jewish people/Jewish language • Diaspora: migration of Jews throughout the world after they were defeated by the Roman Empire

  10. Additional Vocabulary-cont. • Christos: Jesus or the Anointed One • Kaaba: Black cube where Arabs came to worship many gods, and where Muhammad cleansed them of their belief in many gods • Known today as Dome of the Rock • Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca for every Muslim at least once in their lifetime

  11. Questions • How did each of the 3 world religions spread? • Judaism • Spread when Jews scattered throughout the world • Wherever they settled they preserved their history and beliefs

  12. Questions-cont. • How did each of the 3 world religions spread? • Christianity • Christianity spread after Jesus died • His followers carried his teachings throughout the Roman Empire • After Romans accepted faith, missionaries spread it around the world

  13. Questions-cont. • How did each of the 3 world religions spread? • Islam • Islam spread when Arabs took their ideas and religion to areas they traded with

  14. Questions-cont. • How did Jesus depart from some Jewish traditions? • Judaism demanded strict obedience to the letter of the law, but Jesus stressed moral ideals over law itself

  15. Questions-cont. • Describe the 5 Pillars of Islam • Faith in one God and Muhammad as the messenger of God • Pray facing Mecca 5 times a day • Acts or gifts of charity to those in need • Fasting from dawn to dusk during holy month of Ramadan • Hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca for every Muslim at least once in their life

  16. Questions-cont. • What are the basic beliefs of each of the 3 world religions? • Judaism • Belief in one god • Believe in special covenant with God if they live a moral life

  17. Questions-cont. • What are the basic beliefs of each of the 3 world religions? • Christianity • Belief in one god • Believe Jesus chosen by God to bring salvation to all people • Believe Jesus’ life, teachings, death, and resurrection will show them way to eternal life in heaven • Believe people should live a moral life

  18. Questions-cont. • What are the basic beliefs of each of the 3 world religions? • Islam • Belief in one god • Believe Muhammad was the final messenger of Allah (Muslim god) • Believe Allah revealed to Muhammad the duties of living a just life in 5 Pillars of Islam

  19. Questions-cont. • What beliefs link the 3 world religions? • Belief in one god • Believe living a moral life was necessary

  20. Questions-cont. • Compare and contrast the 3 world religions. • Use Venn Diagram • Likeness • Differences • All 3 religions were born in SW Asia

  21. Questions-cont. • Why are Christianity, Islam, and Judaism referred to as “world religions”? • All 3 religions have followers throughout the world, and each has had a great effect on world history.

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