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Bridge to the Future: Recommendations for Inter-regional Connectivity

This report from ICFA outlines recommendations to bridge the digital divide by monitoring traffic, tracking technology, and providing solutions to global networking challenges, with examples of successful initiatives and networks.

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Bridge to the Future: Recommendations for Inter-regional Connectivity

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  1. ICFA=International Committee on Future Accelerators Sponsored by the Particles and Fields Commission of IUPAP Report from ICFA Digital Divide WorkshopDaegu, Korea, May 23-27 ‘05 Les Cottrell, Presented at the Internet2 Fall members Meeting, SIG on Supporting International Collaborations in Hard to Network Parts of the World Philadelphia, Sep 2005 www.slac.stanford.edu/grp/scs/net/talk05/i2-icfa-sep05.ppt

  2. SCIC • Standing Committee on Inter-regional Connectivity (SCIC) • Charge: • Make recommendations to ICFA concerning the connectivity between America, Asia and Europe. As part of the process of developing these recommendations, the committee should monitor traffic, keep track of technology developments, periodically review forecasts of future bandwidth needs, and provide early warning of potential problems.

  3. Progress in Closing the Digital Divide • We Must Work to Close to Digital Divide, from Several Perspectives • To Allow Scientists in All World Regions to Take Part in Discoveries; to Foster Research and Education • Removing Regional, Last Mile, Local Bottlenecks and Compromises in Network Quality are On the Critical Path • “Dark Fiber” and community owned/operated networks emerging as the means to rapid progress in a growing list of nations: us, ca, nl, jp, kr; pl, cz, br, sk, cn, pt, ie, gr, …; Also GEANT2 • Important Examples on the Road to Closing the Digital Divide • GLORIAD (US-Russia-China-Korea) Global Optical Ring • IEEAF “Global Quilt” Ed Fantegrossi, Don Riley; NSF: IRNC and New Initiative on Africa • CHEPREO, WHREN, ANSP and the Brazil HEPGrid in Latin America • Leadership & Outreach: HEP Groups in US, EU, Japan, Korea

  4. GLORIAD NetworkDate: 3/1/2007 Seattle-Chicago-NYC, 10 Gbps (CANARIE Contribution) Amsterdam-Moscow, 10 Gbps Beijing-Khabarovsk (Russia)-Novosibirsk, 10 Gbps Seattle-Hong Kong, 10 Gbps (Tyco Contract) NYC-Amsterdam, 10 Gbps (Tyco Contract) Seattle-Pusan-Hong Kong, 10 Gbps (Tyco Contract) Moscow-Novosibirsk, 10 Gbps Hong Kong-Beijing, 10 Gbps

  5. Closing the Digital Divide: R&E Networks in/to Latin America PacificWave AtlanticWave RNP2 and the GIGA Project (ANSP) AmPath: 45 Mbps Links to US (2002-5) CHEPREO (NSF, from 2004):622 Mbps Sao Paulo – Miami WHREN/LILA (NSF, from 2005) • 0.6 to 2.5 G Ring by 2006 • Connections to Pacific & Atlantic Wave RedCLARA (EU): Connects 18 Latin Am. NRENs, Cuba; 622 Mbps Link to Europe To GEANT 622 Mbps Sao PauloANSP

  6. „Porta Optica – a coordinated task to Heal the Digital Divide to the East ... • CE countries –CBDF links to EE neighbours: - Poland: DF connectivity to every eastern neighbour - Scandinavia: the northern route - GRNET: activity in the Balkan region (SEEREN/ SEEFIRE) + the south route • GEANT/TERENA: political & organisational support • all: influencing the EE countries wrt. DFacq., importance of DF infrastructure &business models

  7. Partners: China (CERNET) Indonesia (ITB) Malaysia (MDC) Philippines (ASTI) Thailand (ThaiREN) Vietnam (MOST) Korea (KISDI) Singapore (SingAREN) Australia (AARNet) France (RENATER) Netherlands (SURFnet) UK (UKERNA) TEIN2 Project Managed by DANTE An initiative of the European Commission with the stated objective of improving connectivity in certain developing countries of the Asia Pacific region • Contracts Q2/3, operational Q4 2005 (to end 2007) • Exploring collaborations with existing and planned initiatives G. McLaughlin

  8. G. McLaughlin

  9. Philippines: PREGINet Network Map No. of Partner Institutions as of March 31, 2005: Academe = 34 Government = 33 Research = 27 TOTAL 96 2 Mbps Backbone

  10. Satellites vs Terrestrial • Terrestrial links via SAT3 & SEAMEW (Mediterranean) • Terrestrial not available to all within countries PingER min-RTT measurements from S. African TENET monitoring station

  11. S Africa Connectivity • Connections are often indirect • Costly, wastes Intl bw Mike Jensen PingER

  12. Abdeslam Hoummada Maroc Wide Area Network MARWAN 2 Network at 34 Mbps for Research and high education 45 Mbps Algeria & tunisia connected to Geant - 45 Mbs Rabat Casablanca 80% universities connect Typically 2Mbps connection Monopoly carrier 34 Mbps 2 Mbps

  13. 50 Mbps 50 Mbps 50 Mbps PERN: Network Architecture International 2MB • HEC will invest $ 4M in Backbone • 3 To 9 Points-of-Presence (Core Nodes) • $ 2.4M from HEC to Public Universities for Last Mile Costs • Possible Dark Fiber Initiative 33 Mbps Lahore Core ATM/Router 12 Universities Replica of Kr./Iba International 2MB International 4MB 57 Mbps 65 Mbps 2x2Mbps 2x2Mbps Islamabad Core ATM/Router Karachi Core ATM/Router 23 Universities 22 Universities 2x2Mbps LAN Switch Customer University LAN Switch Access Router Access Router DRS DRS DRS DRS OF Node OFS DXX DXX OFS OFS DXX DXX University University University University

  14. Pakistan performance • Typically once a month losses go to 20% • Infrastructure appears fragile • Losses to QEA & NIIT are 3-8% averaged over month Loss % RTT ms Feb05 Another fiber outage, this time of 3 hours! Power cable dug up by excavators of Karachi Water & Sewage Board Jul05 • Fiber cut off Karachi causes 12 day outage Jun-Jul ’05, Huge losses of confidence and business

  15. Worldwide view • Developed regions improving by factor 10 in < 6 years • Developing regions such as India and Africa are 5-10 years behind • May not be catching up.

  16. We Need to Work on the Digital Dividefrom Several Perspectives • Workshops and Tutorials/Training Sessions • For Example: ICFA DD Workshops: Rio 2/04, Daegu May 2005,HONET (Pakistan) 12/04 • Share Information: Monitoring,BW Progress; Dark Fiber Projects & Pricing • Model Cases: Poland, Slovakia, Czech Rep., China, Brazil,… • Encourage, and Work on Inter-Regional Projects • GLORIAD, Russia-China-Korea US Optical Ring • Latin America: CHEPREO/WHREN (US-Brazil); RedCLARA • Asia Pacific: TEIN2 • Help with Modernizing the Infrastructure • Design, Commissioning, Development • Provide Tools for Effective Use: Monitoring, CollaborationSystems; Advanced TCP Stacks, Grid System Software • Work on Policies and/or Pricing: pk, br, cn, SE Europe, in, … • Encourage Access to Dark Fiber • Raise World Awareness of Problems, & Opportunities for Solutions • Increased Engagement with Government Representatives and Agencies

  17. ICFA SCIC Digital Divide Workshops • Now a Tradition • Daegu May 2005: Excellent occasion to focus on the Asia Pacific • A View of Progress and Remaining Issues • Bring target areas where progress can be made next into focus • E.g. Russia, Pakistan, India, North-South Connections in the Asia Pacific • Next Meeting • Choice of a Key Location: Russia, Poland, Romania have been discussed; expressions of interest welcome. • Greater participation from government representatives

  18. More Information • Meeting agenda and links to presentations • http://agenda.cern.ch/fullAgenda.php?ida=a053424

  19. Many systemic factors:Electricity, Import duties,Skills M. Jensen

  20. Average Cost $ 11/kbps/Month

  21. International & National Backbones

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