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Traits, Behaviors, and Relationships

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Traits, Behaviors, and Relationships

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    1. 1 Traits, Behaviors, and Relationships 2

    2. 2 Your Leadership Challenge Identify the strengths you can bring to a leadership role. Outline some personal traits and characteristics that are associated with effective leaders. Recognize autocratic versus democratic leadership behavior and the impact of each. Know the distinction between people-oriented and task-oriented leadership behavior and when each should be used.

    3. 3 Your Leadership Challenge (cont.) Understand how the theory of individualized leadership has broadened the understanding of relationships between leaders and followers. Distinguish among various roles leaders play in organizations, including operations roles, collaborative roles, and advisory roles, and where your strengths might best fit.

    4. 4 The Trait Approach

    5. 5 Ex. 2.1 Personal Characteristics of Leaders Personal Characteristics Energy Passion Physical stamina Intelligence and Ability Intelligence, cognitive ability Knowledge Judgment, decisiveness Personality Optimism Self-confidence Honesty and integrity Enthusiasm Charisma Desire to lead Independence Social Characteristics Sociability, interpersonal skills Cooperativeness Ability to enlist cooperation Tact, diplomacy Work-Related Characteristics Drive, desire to excel Responsibility in pursuit of goals Persistence against obstacles, tenacity Social background Education Mobility

    6. 6 Behavior Approaches

    7. 7 Ex. 2.2 Leadership Continuum

    8. 8 Ohio State Studies

    9. 9 University of Michigan Studies

    10. 10 Ex. 2.3 The Leadership Grid® Figure (adapted)

    11. 11 Ex. 2.4 Themes of Leader Behavior Research

    12. Individualized Leadership … a theory based on the notion that a leader develops a unique relationship with each subordinate or group member, which determines how the leader behaves toward the member and how the member responds to the leader. 12

    13. 13 Ex. 2.5 Stages of Development of Individualized Leadership

    14. 14 Ex. 2.6 Leader Behavior Toward In-Group versus Out-Group Members In-group Discusses objectives; gives employee freedom to use his or her own approach in solving problems and reaching goals Listens to employee’s suggestions and ideas about how work is done Treats mistakes as learning opportunities Out-Group Gives employee specific directives for how to accomplish tasks and attain goals Shows little interest in employee’s comments and suggestions Criticizes or punishes mistakes

    15. 15 Ex. 2.6 (contd.) In-Group Gives employee interesting assignments; may allow employee to choose assignment Sometimes defers to subordinate’s opinion Praises accomplishments Out-Group Assigns primarily routine jobs and monitors employee closely Usually imposes own views Focuses on areas of poor performance

    16. 16 Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)

    17. Ex. 2.7 Three Types of Leadership Roles 17

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