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North Africa and The Middle East

North Africa and The Middle East. North Africa. Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Western Sahara Egypt. Turkey Syria Iraq Saudi Arabia Yemen Jordan Lebanon Israel. Cyprus Iran Afghanistan Oman Qatar Bahrain Kuwait UAE. Southwest Asia/ The Middle East. Central Asia.

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North Africa and The Middle East

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  1. North Africa and The Middle East

  2. North Africa • Morocco • Algeria • Tunisia • Libya • Western Sahara • Egypt

  3. Turkey Syria Iraq Saudi Arabia Yemen Jordan Lebanon Israel Cyprus Iran Afghanistan Oman Qatar Bahrain Kuwait UAE Southwest Asia/ The Middle East

  4. Central Asia • Kazakhstan • Uzbekistan • Turkmenistan • Tajikistan • Kyrgyzstan “stan”means “land of”

  5. Satellite view of Sahara Desert

  6. The Sahara Desert is a natural boundary • Extends across North Africa • Covers ~3.5 million square miles of land • Little vegetations/ wind erosion common • ~130 degree- 0 degree temperatures

  7. Sahara Desert

  8. Found in the Sahara • Oasis- an isolated area of vegetation • Erg- windswept sand • Reg- gravel covered plain • Depression- low land • Wadis- dry stream bed which fills with water during the rainy season

  9. An Oasis in Sahara

  10. Reg Erg Wadi

  11. Negev and Syrian Deserts • Syrian Desert covers portions of Syria, Iraq, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia • Negev Desert is located in Southern Israel

  12. Atlas Mountains

  13. Atlas Mountains • Located in Morocco, Algeria & Tunisia • 1500 miles long • Separate the Atlantic & Mediterranean coastlines from the Sahara Desert • Inhabited by the Berbers (Indigenous people)

  14. Zagros Mountains • Largest mountain range in Iran and Iraq

  15. Elburz Mountains • Located in Iran • Tallest mountain in the Middle East

  16. Arabian Peninsula

  17. Arabian Peninsula • Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen, Bahrain, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Syria, SW Iraq • Surrounded by Red Sea, Gulf of Oman, Gulf of Aden, Mediterranean Sea & Persian Gulf • Contains the worlds largest oil reserves

  18. Tectonic plate movement has created many gulfs and seas

  19. Sinai Peninsula • Located in Egypt • Lies between the Mediterranean Sea to the North and the Red Sea to the South • Joins Africa to Asia

  20. Located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula Worlds largest source of oil Persian Gulf

  21. Nile River- “Great River” • Longest river in world 4,160 miles long • Flows North to the Mediterranean Sea • Two major tributaries: White Nile and Blue Nile

  22. Nile River Delta at the Mediterranean Sea Nile in Cairo

  23. Nile River

  24. The Fertile Crescent

  25. The Fertile Crescent • Tigris and Euphrates Rivers • Historically referred to as “Mesopotamia” or the “Cradle of Civilization” • Located in Iraq • Headwater is the Taurus Mountains • Mouth is the Persian Gulf

  26. Dead Sea-”Sea of Salt” • Salt lake borders Jordan & Israel • Shoreline- lowest elevation on earth 1385 ft bsl • 38% salt therefore animals cannot flourish

  27. Aral Sea- “Sea of Islands” • Located in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan) • Formerly the 4th largest lake in world • 10% remains (Russian irrigation, drought, and industrial pollution) • “One of the planet’s worst environmental disasters”

  28. Caspian Sea • Largest lake or inland body of water on Earth • Landlocked by Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan • Freshwater in the North and more saline in the south

  29. Red Sea • Located between Africa and Asia • Becoming wider as the Arabian and African plates spread • 18 desalinization plants along the sea • Saudi Arabia

  30. Climate • Arid Climate dominates region • Mediterranean Climate along the coast • Semi-Arid Climate between the Sahara and the Coast

  31. The most valuable resource on Earth (especially NA/ ME)Water!!!!

  32. Demographics of SW Asia • Birth Rate = 27/1000 • Death Rate = 6/1000 • Rate of Increase = 2.0% • Infant Mortality Rate = 48/1000 • Fertility Rate = 3.7 • Life Expectancy = 68 • % Urban = 63 • Pop. Density = 114 people per square mile

  33. Egypt – 79 million people Bahrain- 807,000 people

  34. Oil Consumption • The U.S. consumes about 146 billion gallons (about 550 billion liters) of gasoline each year • The U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve currently stores about 570 million barrels of oil in underground salt caverns along the Gulf of Mexico. If all imports were cut off this would leave the US with a 60 day supply of oil.

  35. Thanks America!!!!

  36. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

  37. OPEC • One of the most powerful cartels in the world. Collectively it has about three quarters of the worlds discovered and recognized oil reserves. • Headquarters are in Vienna, Austria • These countries control the price of oil by how much they produce each day. Of all internationally traded oil OPEC produces 58% of it. • How many gallons are in 1 barrel of oil? 42 gallons

  38. OPEC member nations

  39. Top 5 Oil Producing Countries in NAME • Saudi Arabia: 11,150,000 Barrels/day • Iran: 4,231,000 Barrels/day • Iraq: 3,400,000 Barrels/day • UAE: 3,087,000 Barrels/day • Kuwait: 2,682,000 Barrels/day • (United States 9,023,000 Barrels/day)

  40. RELIGION Islam Christianity Judaism

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