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Middle East and North Africa

Unit 6. Middle East and North Africa. Chapter 18 Vocabulary A and B Only!. Bell Ringer. 6.1 Outline Map, BLM, and PPT. Lecture 6.2 BLM, PPT. Lecture on Ancient Egypt, Israel, and Sumer and early religions 6.3 Conflict over Resources (Oil and Water) PPT. Unit 6 Breakdown.

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Middle East and North Africa

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  1. Unit 6 Middle East and North Africa

  2. Chapter 18 Vocabulary A and B Only! Bell Ringer

  3. 6.1 Outline Map, BLM, and PPT. Lecture 6.2 BLM, PPT. Lecture on Ancient Egypt, Israel, and Sumer and early religions 6.3 Conflict over Resources (Oil and Water) PPT Unit 6 Breakdown

  4. 6.4 Ancient Cultures and Conflict 6.5 Rule of 72 (Covered) BLM Unit 6 Breakdown

  5. 1. I can apply the five themes of geography to the Middle East and North Africa? 2. I can analyze strategies to deal with environmental challenges in the Middle East and North Africa? 3. I can compare, contrast, and analyze the distribution, growth rates, and other demographic characteristics of human populations in various countries or regions in the Middle East and North Africa? 4. I can identify the distribution of natural resources in the Middle East and North Africa? 5. I can analyze regional issues associated with territory and resources in the Middle East and North Africa? 6. I can draw conclusions about the Middle East and North Africa based on its geographic and physical features? 7. I can compare the role of culture in conflict and cooperation in the Middle East and North Africa? Unit Objectives

  6. Arab Spring - a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests occurring in the Arab world that began on December 18, 2010. Arab Spring

  7. Africa is the world’s 2ndlargest continent. • Location – almost centered over the equator. • Place – named by the Romans. • Meaning – from Latin, aprica, “sunny”, or from Greek, aphrike, “without cold.” North Africa

  8. Western Sahara – a territory located in NW Africa Very sparsely populated 3.4 people per square mile Morocco controls Western Sahara today. Has been part of the Arab Spring North African Countries

  9. Morocco – Across the Strait of Gibraltar from Spain Controlled by France until @ 50 years ago. In Arabic, means the “Western Kingdom” Member of Arab League (Only African country not in the African Union) Why? Has been part of the Arab Spring North African Countries

  10. North African Countries • Algeria – Largest Country in Africa • French Colony until 1960’s • Member of OPEC • Has been part of the Arab Spring • What body of water is in the next slide?

  11. Algiers, Algeria

  12. Tunisia – Northernmost African country @40% is in the Sahara Desert Has been ruled by many groups. Became a French Colony w/Britain’s blessing. Became free in the 1950’s Has been part of the Arab Spring North African Countries

  13. Tunis Zitouna Great Mosque

  14. Tunis, Tunisia: What body of water?

  15. Libya – 90% of Libya is desert 9th highest GDP in Africa due to large petroleum reserves and small population Has been part of the Arab Spring Before Muammar Gaddafi was overthrown, Libya was the only flag with one color and no design North African Countries

  16. Old Flag of Libya New Flag of Libya

  17. Ancient Roman Theater in Sabratha, Libya

  18. Egypt– One of the most populous countries in Africa (@80 million) Has been part of the Arab Spring Known for its pyramids and ancient ruins. Can you name any? The Suez Canal is located in Egypt. Why is it important to the region? North African Countries

  19. The Pyramids at Giza Left to right…the Pyramid of Menkaure, the Pyramid of Khafre and the Great Pyramid of Khufu

  20. The Sphinx and Pyramid of Khafre

  21. Suez Canal

  22. Egypt - Important river? Most people live along the Nile River. Why? The Nile River is the world’s longest river. It’s waters have provided irrigation for the region for thousands of years. North African Countries

  23. North African Countries • More than 95% of Egyptians depend on the Nile for their water. • The Nile provides a means of transportation. • Nile River

  24. Chapter 21 Vocabulary A and B Only Bell Ringer

  25. The World’s Largest “Hot” desert About the size of the continental U.S. Acts as a “wall” between Islamic North Africa and the South (remember this for the next unit) Sahara Desert

  26. The Sahara Desert

  27. Aquifers - Aquifers are huge stores of underground water that lie under the Sahara Desert. Oasis – A place where stores of underground water come to the surface to support vegetation and wildlife. Sahara Desert

  28. Carthage – Ancient Phoenician city-state founded in Tunisia on the Mediterranean Sea Islam is the major cultural and religious influence in North Africa Rai(Ra ee) is a style of Algerian protest music. What were/are the Algerians protesting against? Souks – are marketplaces North Africa

  29. Southwest Asia, the Middle East, is often called the Cradle (birthplace) of Civilization, or the Fertile Crescent Region – more than half of the world’s oil reserves are found here. Location – Southwest Asia (Middle East) connects 3 continents: Europe, Asia, and Africa. Movement – the desert areas are difficult to cross without oases, water sources and resting places. Southwest Asia – The middle East

  30. Afghanistan – located at the intersection of Southwest Asia and the rest of Asia As a result, a huge blending of cultures has/does occur Currently, U.S. troops there to topple the Taliban – committed fundamentalist Islamists Middle East Countries

  31. Iran – home of some of the earliest civilizations on earth The home of the Persian Empire Called Persia until 1935 Shiite Muslim Country Major petroleum producer and exporter Frequently in the news today Why? Middle East Countries

  32. Mount Damavand Eurasian Lynx

  33. Grand AyatollahSayyedAli HosseiniKhamenei Hassan Rohani

  34. Iraq – mixture of Shiite and Sunni Muslim country ruled many years by the Sunni leader Saddam Hussein. Majority is Shiite. Home of the “fertile crescent,” the birthplace of civilization Birthplace of writing/major oil producer and exporter 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War, and 2003-2011 Iraq War. Several hundred U. S. security forces still remain in Iraq. Has been part of the Arab Spring Middle East Countries

  35. Babylon Ruins Rebuilt JalalTalabani

  36. Syria – Borders Lebanon, Israel, and Iraq. In the middle of many “hot spots.” Syria also shares borders with Jordan (currently peaceful) and Turkey (recent issues relating to the violent uprising in Syria) Has been part of the Arab Spring 1st Christian Church (established by the Apostle Paul at Antioch) Middle East Countries

  37. St. Simon Church one of the oldest in the world

  38. Umayyad Mosque-CourtyardEW

  39. President Bashar al-Assad

  40. Lebanon – Capital is Beirut Undergone a series of civil wars since the 1970’s Factions, including Hezbollah, supported by Syria and Iran fight against Israeli presence Israel says it’s there for security of Israeli people Has been part of the Arab Spring Middle East Countries

  41. Downtown Beirut

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