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The Underground Railroad. Ohio: The Gateway to Freedom Presented by :Dr. Ronald Helms, Sean Guiliano, Allison Lorenz, Denise Naff, & Angela Nyberg . Underground Railroad: Overview. Underground Railroad began in isolated cases as early as the 1700’s URR reached it’s peak from 1830-1865
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The Underground Railroad Ohio: The Gateway to Freedom Presented by :Dr. Ronald Helms, Sean Guiliano, Allison Lorenz, Denise Naff, & Angela Nyberg
Underground Railroad: Overview • Underground Railroad began in isolated cases as early as the 1700’s • URR reached it’s peak from 1830-1865 • Loosely connected stops in which runaway slaves could find safety as they fled north
Underground Railroad:Overview • Lacked much formal organization • Vigilance Committees • Shrouded in Secrecy • Passengers and Conductors • Loose structure of URR leaves the number of slaves finding freedom unknown
Southern Ohio • Springboro • Cincinnati • Ripley
Springboro Ohio • Antislavery sympathies of residents: Quakers • Location: situated between Great and Little Miami Rivers
Springboro Ohio • Jonathan Wright • Platted the village of “Springbourgh” 1814 • Active member of Society of Friends • Strongly opposed slavery • Conductor of URR and his home was a station
Springboro Ohio • Underground Railroad Codes • White Chimneys: still evident in Springboro • Indicated that house was safe for slaves • Quilts were also used as codes • Location of quilt
Cincinnati Ohio • Many slaves arrived in Cincinnati after crossing Ohio River • Population of Cincinnati very helpful: Quakers and many other abolitionists • Harriet Beecher Stowe • Cincinnati resident from 1832-1850 • “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”
Cincinnati Ohio • Levi Coffin • Assisted over 3,000 slaves find freedom • Known as “President” of URR • “Central Station”
Ripley Ohio • Located East of Cincinnati • Location on Ohio River gave runaways a place to hide
Ripley Ohio • John Percial Parker, an African American abolitionist and former slave, was one of the earliest and busiest station conductors
Ripley Ohio • Reverend John Rankin's house on a hill overlooking the Ohio River shone like a beacon to fugitives making the dangerous journey across the great river
Underground Railroad Now • Possible field trips for Students • Springboro’s guided tour • Ripley’s Rankin and Parker homes • Cincinnati’s Coffin Historical Home • Cincinnati’s Freedom Center
Freedom Center • Interactive Museum • Suitable for elementary through high school • Hands on • Computer simulations • Several movie “theaters”