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PSYC 2314 Lifespan Development

PSYC 2314 Lifespan Development. Chapter 16 Adolescence: Psychosocial Development. The Self and Identity. Identity: a unique and consistent self-definition Erikson’s Identity vs. Role Confusion. Identity Statuses. Identity Achievement Foreclosure Negative Identity Identity Diffusion

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PSYC 2314 Lifespan Development

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  1. PSYC 2314Lifespan Development Chapter 16 Adolescence: Psychosocial Development

  2. The Self and Identity • Identity: a unique and consistent self-definition • Erikson’s Identity vs. Role Confusion

  3. Identity Statuses • Identity Achievement • Foreclosure • Negative Identity • Identity Diffusion • Identity Moratorium

  4. Society and Identity • For immigrants and minority adolescents, identity formation is particularly complex because they must find the right balance between their ethnic background and the values of the society at large. Consequently, they may embrace a negative identity, or, as is more often the case, foreclose on identity prematurely.

  5. Family and Friends • Generation Gap • Generational Stake • Conflict/bickering • Parental monitoring

  6. Family and Friends • Other aspects of family functioning • Communication • Support • Connectiveness • Control

  7. Family and Friends • Four special functions of peer relationships and close friendships • Pubertal self-help • Social support • Identity formation • Values clarification

  8. Peer Group for Immigrants • Conflict between peers and family is likely to arise in ethnic groups that revere closeness to family, respect for elders, and self-sacrifice for the sake of kin. This ideal clashes with the peer-group emphasis on adolescent freedom and self-determination.

  9. Relationship • Heterosexual Attraction • Peer group • Timing of puberty • Culture • Parents • Availability of someone in a setting that allows sexual interaction

  10. Four-Step Progression • Groups of same-sex friends • Loose, public interactions between a girl’s group and a boy’s group • A smaller heterosexual group formed from the more advanced members of the larger group • Final pairing off of heterosexual couples.

  11. Gay or Lesbian Relationship • Added complications usu. slow down romantic attachments. • Not yet recognized sexual orientation • Difficulty in finding both romantic partners and loyal friends in whom to confide • Denial of feelings

  12. Adolescent Suicide • Suicidal ideation: thinking about suicide. • Parasuicide: deliberate acts of self-destruction that do not cause death

  13. Factors Leading to Suicide or Parasuicide • Availability of lethal methods • Parental monitoring • Use of alcohol and other drugs • Gender • Attitudes about suicide held by the adolescent’s culture

  14. Breaking the Law • The incidence of arrests is higher during the second decade than in any other period of life. • The prevalence of adolescent crime is even greater than official records report. • Boys are 3x as likely to be arrested as girls and African Americans are nearly 3x as likely to be arrested as European Americans, who are 3x as likely to be arrested as Asian Americans.

  15. Breaking the Law • Adolescent-limited offenders: criminal activity stops by age 21 • Life-course persistent offenders: career criminals

  16. Intervention Measures • Cohesive neighborhood • Effective school • Supportive peer group • Stable family • A best friend who discourages crime

  17. Themes of Adolescent Development • Most adolescents and families survive the adolescent transition fairly well. • While all adolescents have some difficulties, no developmental trajectory is set in stone.

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