1 / 109

Integumentary System

Integumentary System. Chapter 6. First line of defense. Structure – classified as a membrane. Epidermis – epithelial layer Dermis – vascular connective tissue Subcutaneous layer – loose – collagen + adipose. Thin and thick skin. Most is thin – surface Remainder – thick – palms, soles

joey
Download Presentation

Integumentary System

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Integumentary System Chapter 6

  2. First line of defense

  3. Structure – classified as a membrane • Epidermis – epithelial layer • Dermis – vascular connective tissue • Subcutaneous layer – loose – collagen + adipose

  4. Thin and thick skin • Most is thin – surface • Remainder – thick – palms, soles • Thick – each of the five layers are present • Dermal papillae creates fingerprint

  5. Cell types of epidermis • Keratinocytes – most important cells – 90% - principal structural element • Melanocytes – black or brown – protection – 5% • Langerhans cells – immune response – defense – cytopoesis in marrow – help T-cells (trigger for immune system response)

  6. Hyperkeratosis

  7. The epidermis contains 5 layers. From bottom to top the layers are named: stratum basale stratum spinosum stratum granulosum stratum licidum stratum corneum

  8. Develop a saying to remember these layers……..BSGLC Best one wins!

  9. Epidermis Anatomy - Keratinocyte Maturation Epidermis Anatomy - Keratinocyte Maturation http://dermatology.about.com/od/anatomy/ss/epidermis.htm

  10. Cell Layers • Stratum corneum – superficial – thin squamous (flat) cells – dead – cytoplasm replaced with keratin – membranes thick – prevents dehydration – first line of defense – abnormality (hyperkeratosis)

  11. Stratum lucidum • Keratinocytes tightly packed and clear • No nucleus • Cells filled with gel-like eleidin which becomes keraatin • Eleidin blocks fluid penetration • Absent in thin skin, but present in thick skin

  12. Stratum granulosum Keritinization Lipids formed from granules that form waterproof barrier

  13. Stratum spinosum Spiny layer – latinspinosus 8-10 layers – irregularly shaped cells Found in epidermal layer and rich in RNA Protein - producing

  14. Stratum basal • Single layer • Deepest stratum • Continual mitosis • 35 d to surface

  15. The stratum germinativum is composed of the basale/spinosum together. This is known as the growth layer.

  16. Dermis

  17. Dermis • Thicker than epidermis • Blood vessels • Nerves

  18. Papillary layer • Thin surface of the dermis • Forms lumpy bumps called dermal papilla • Loose connective tissue, collagen, and elastin • Forms ridges • Well defined on finger tips - griping • “fingerprinting” • Allows for griping

  19. Fingerprinting technique: • Tape • Pencil • Paper – two sheets

  20. History of fingerprinting • Hx. – brand, tattoo, miame criminals • Levenworth – over 800,000 collected – early 1900’s • Currently - >250 mil.

  21. Fingerprinting styles

  22. Reticular layer • Thick – much more dense in fibrous structure • Dermis • Fibrous/collagenous – commercially processed from animals is sold as leather • Elastin also present – ability to rebound – abnormal conditions do exist • Dehydration test – pinch an inch! • An attachment for skeletal/smooth muscles • Expression in face – skeletal • Hair follicle response ( arrectorpili/smooth muscles) –goose flesh, elevation of testicle, erection of nipple – creates heat • Sensory receptors found here – transmission of impulses

  23. Dermal growth/repair • Dermis can regenerate from fibroblasts that creates a place where connective tissue is replaced by normal tissue • If normal tissue fails to fill in a scar is left behind • Langer’s cleavage lines help to hide incisions and have a better tendency to remain in tact during healing • Elastin can be stretched too much and linear markings remain – pregnancy – tears in elastin • Also known as strae

  24. Keloid

  25. Color my World! • Melanocytes - Melanin – brown or black • Converts amino acid tyrosine into dark pigments • Depends on genetics, sun exposure, ACTH - pituitary • Absence – albanism • Carotene – yellow/orange • Erythema - vessels

  26. Abnormal changes • Vitiligo • Cyanosis • Jaundice

  27. Vitiligo

  28. Vitiligo

  29. Cyanosis

  30. Erythema

  31. Jaundice

  32. Skin functions: • Protection • Sensory perception • Excretion • Movement • Vitamin D production • Immunity • Regulation of body temp. • Production • Loss

  33. Protection • Chemicals • Trauma • Sun exposure • Barrier - “surface film”, bacteria/fungus

  34. Sensory perception: Volunteers?

  35. Sensation • Sensory organ • Pressure • Touch • Temperature • Pain • Vibration

  36. Movement • Elastin content • How much is too much?

  37. Or not enough -Scleroderma

  38. Excretion • Sweat – from what gland? • Urea, salt, ammonia, uric acid – waste products of urinary system and tissue breakdown

  39. VitaminD Production • UV – A/B • 7-dehdrocholesterol -- colecalciferal • Transferred to liver/kidneys for conversion • Purpose – • Summer? Winter?

  40. Immunity • T-cells – helps to form proteins to fight against microbes • Fungus • Bacteria

  41. Body Temperature regulation • Circadian Rhythm • Production – metabolism • Loss – evaporation, radiation, conduction, convection

  42. Burns • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • Assessment – Rule of nines/palm

More Related