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Multimedia Elements II

Multimedia Elements II Graphics, Digital Video Multimedia Elements Multimedia elements include: Digital Video Digital Audio Text abvdefghij Klmnopqrst uvwxyz Multimedia Graphics Animation Multimedia Elements Graphics

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Multimedia Elements II

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  1. Multimedia Elements II Graphics, Digital Video

  2. Multimedia Elements • Multimedia elements include: Digital Video Digital Audio Text abvdefghij Klmnopqrst uvwxyz Multimedia Graphics Animation UIT - Multimedia Production

  3. Multimedia ElementsGraphics • Graphics is a digital representation of non-text information such as a drawing, chart, or photograph. • It is also called a digital picture or image, and contains no movement or animation • 3 fundamental characteristics of color • Hue (色調) • Related to the wavelength of light • Lightness (亮度) • Related to the amplitude of light • Saturation (彩度) • Related to the purity of light UIT - Multimedia Production

  4. Multimedia ElementsGraphics Pixel • A pixel is the smallest unit of programmable color on a computer display or in a computer image • Every computer graphic is made up of a grid of pixels • There are two types of graphics • Bitmap graphics • Vector graphics UIT - Multimedia Production

  5. Multimedia ElementsGraphics Bitmap Graphics • Bitmap is a representation of a graphics image • Consists of rows and columns of dots • The value of each dot (whether it is filled in or not) is stored in one or more bits of data • Simple monochrome images use one bit to represent each dot UIT - Multimedia Production

  6. Multimedia ElementsGraphics Bitmap Graphics • The more bits used to represent a dot, the more colors and shades of gray that can be represented: 1-bit image, 2 color: black or white 8-bit image, 256 colors (28=256) 24-bit image, 16777216 colors (true color) UIT - Multimedia Production

  7. Multimedia ElementsGraphics Vector Graphics • Vector graphics are based on mathematical formulas that represent curves and lines • Very smooth looking and can easily be resized without loss of image quality BitmapVector 00000000000000 {(3, 2)  (10, 2)} 00111111111100 00000000000000 00000000000000 UIT - Multimedia Production

  8. Multimedia ElementsGraphics Vector Graphics • An example of vector graphic is the clipart in MS PowerPoint • When you enlarge a clipart image, it will not distort UIT - Multimedia Production

  9. Multimedia ElementsGraphics Resolution • Determines how sharply the image is represented • Expressed in dot per inch (dpi), or simply by the number of rows and columns, such as 640 by 480 • Bitmap graphics suffer distortion in image quality when being scaled up, this does not happen in case of vector graphics Vector graphic Bitmap graphic UIT - Multimedia Production

  10. Multimedia ElementsGraphics Formats • A format is a standard specifying how the data is arranged • For bitmap graphics • BMP • GIF • JPEG • For vector graphics • AI • FH • WMF UIT - Multimedia Production

  11. Multimedia ElementsGraphics Formats • BMP (.bmp) • Microsoft's native graphic file format • GIF (Graphic Image Format) (.gif) • Only supports 256 colors; It serves as compressed web graphics. GIF works best when the number of colors within an image is small • JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) (.jpg) • Supports millions and allows for graphic compression. Most people use JPEG for Web graphics that contain a multitude of colors and gradations - like photographic images • AI (Adobe Illustrator) (.ai) • For graphics produced by Adobe Illustrator • FH (FreeHand) (.fh) • For graphics produced by FreeHand • WMF (Windows Metafile Format) (.wmf) • For exchanging graphics between Microsoft applications such as clipart in Microsoft Office UIT - Multimedia Production

  12. Multimedia ElementsGraphics GIF versus JPEG • When the number of color of an image is large, JPEG performs better JPEG format, 6k bytes GIF format, 13.5k bytes UIT - Multimedia Production

  13. Multimedia ElementsGraphics GIF versus JPEG • When the number of color of an image is small, GIF performs better JPEG, 5.4 bytes GIF, 1.5k bytes UIT - Multimedia Production

  14. Multimedia ElementsComputer-based Animation Animated GIFs • Animated GIFs are a special kind of GIF file known as GIF89a • An animated GIF file stores multiple images as separate blocks within a single GIF file • When being viewed on the Web, the multiple images are streamed (played back one at a time) • Streaming: the viewer does not have to wait for the entire GIF to be downloaded before it begins running on a Web page UIT - Multimedia Production

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