ABDOMINAL AORTA & INFERIOR VENA CAVA

1. ABDOMINAL AORTA & INFERIOR VENA CAVA Dr. Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim

2. ABDOMINAL AORTA BEGINNING: • A continuation of descending thoracic aorta after passing through aortic opening of diaphragm (opposite T12) TERMINATION: • Divides into 2 common iliac arteries (opposite lower part of L4)

3. ANTERIOR RELATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA

4. ANTERIOR RELATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA 2 pancreas, 2 intestine, 2 veins, 2 superior mesenteric • Body & uncinate process of pancreas • Splenic & left renal veins • Third part of duodenum • Coils of small intestine • Superior mesenteric vessels

5. RELATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA POSTERIOR: Bodies of lumbar vertebrae

6. RELATIONS OF ABDOMINAL AORTA RIGHT: IVC Cysternachyli Azygos vein Right crus LEFT: Left sympathetic trunk Left psoas major Left crus

7. BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA

8. SINGLE BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA • Three arising from anterior aspect of aorta: • Celiac trunk (upper part of L1) • Superior mesenteric (lower part of L1) • Inferior mesenteric (L3) • One arising from termination of aorta: • Median sacral (lower part of L4)

9. PAIRED BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA • Three pairs arising from anterior aspect of aorta: • Inferior phrenic(upper part of L1) • Suprarenal (lower part of L1) • Gonadal (testicular or ovarian) (L3) • One pair arising from lateral aspect of aorta: • Renal (L2)

10. PAIRED BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA • Four pairs arising from posterior aspect of aorta: • Lumbar • One pair arising from termination of aorta: • Common iliac (Lower part of L4)

11. COMMON ILIAC ARTERIES • BEGINNING: • Terminal branches of abdominal aorta (lower part of L4) • TERMINATION: • Each one bifurcates into external & internal iliac arteries (lower part of L5) • COURSE & RELATIONS: • Descend along medial border of psoas • End anterior to sacroiliac joint • The bifurcation is crossed by ureter

12. EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY • BEGINNING: • One of 2 terminal branches of common iliac artery (lower part of L5) • TERMINATION: • Continues as femoral artery, behind inguinal ligament • BRANCHES: • Deep circumflex iliac • Inferior epigastric

13. INFERIOR VENA CAVA • BEGINNING: • Formed by union of 2 common iliac veins (L5) • TERMINATION: • Pierces central tendon of diaphragm at level of T8 • Opens in the right atrium at level of right 6th costal cartilage

14. RELATIONS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA

15. RELATIONS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA • ANTERIOR: • Liver • Epiploic foramen, • First part of duodenum, • Head of pancreas • Third part of duodenum • Superior mesenteric vessels • Right gonadal vessels • Coils of small intestine

16. RELATIONS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA POSTERIOR: Bodies of lumbar vertebrae Right crus Right renal artery Right sympathetic trunk

17. RELATIONS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA • RIGHT: • Right psoas major • Right ureter • LEFT: • Abdominal aorta

18. TRIBUTARIES OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA

19. TRIBUTARIES OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA • Right & left inferior phrenic veins • Right & left renal veins • Right & left lumbar veins • Right & left common iliac veins • Right suprarenal vein • Rightgonadal vein • Hepatic veins

20. N.B. • Left suprarenal vein & left gonadal vein drain into left renal vein • Median sacral vein drains into left common iliac vein • Superior mesenteric vein joins splenic vein to form portal vein • Inferior mesenteric vein drains into splenic vein • There is no celiac vein

21. N.B. • Tributaries of IVC = paired branches of abdominal aorta • Left suprarenal & left gonadal veins + hepatic veins