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Solar Basics IPED Financing Renewable Energy Conference - Washington D.C. May 21, 2009 Generate change. Choose solar!. Presented By: Richard Raeke Director of Project Finance Borrego Solar Systems. Presentation Outline. Current Energy Problem Utility Solar Distributed Generation
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Solar BasicsIPED Financing Renewable Energy Conference - Washington D.C. May 21, 2009Generate change. Choose solar! Presented By: Richard Raeke Director of Project Finance Borrego Solar Systems
Presentation Outline • Current Energy Problem • Utility Solar • Distributed Generation • Solar Technologies • Components • Design Considerations • Case Studies Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Borrego Solar Systems, Inc. Company highlights: • Leading provider of turnkey photovoltaic systems • 29 years of solar experience • Completely integrated set of services • Offices on both coasts • Can mobilize anywhere for large projects • Over 800 projects completed in CA and MA Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Borrego Solar Systems, Inc. Services and qualifications: • Design, engineering and consulting • Project development, feasibility studies and financial modeling • Permitting and utility interconnection • Warranties, service and maintenance Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Current energy problem Where our energy comes from: Fossil fuels make up 86% of US Energy Supply. Solar only contributes .06% *Source: Energy Information Administration. Part of US Department of Energy Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Current energy problem Problems with current energy sources: • Supply • Global warming • Pollution • Limited Sources • Need to import • Reliance on Middle East • Volatile prices Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Solar as a solution • Abundant local supply • No emissions • Global warming • Pollution • Coincides with peak demand • Less distribution losses • Stable fuel prices • Creation of Jobs Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Solar Technologies • Utility Scale • Large Projects – 5 MW+ • Solar is tied into the grid • Built by utility companies or by Independent Power Producers • Can be CSP, co-generation facilities • Distributed Generation • System tied into customer’s meter (net metering) • Off sets on-site load • Usually solar PV Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Grid tied photovoltaics PV system overview: Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Grid tied photovoltaics Net Metering • The systems stays attached to grid • When panels produce excess power, the meter spins backwards • This builds up credit with the utility company, preferably at the retail rate • During off hours, customers use those credits to offset their bill Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Solar Components • Solar Modules • Reliability is most important factor • Crystalline silicon is market leader • Many unproven thin film (or nano) products under development • Inverter • Brains of a solar electric system • Limit efficiency and performance • Racking • Needs to be designed for >30-year lifetime • Aluminum or Hot Dipped Galv steel required • Different solutions for different applications Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Technology Terminology and definitions: • Solar Cell • Power producing unit • Usually made of Silicon • Solar Module • Also called solar panel • Solar cells wired together • Encapsulated in glass • Solar Array • Modules in series and parallel Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Solar modules • Largest single cost in system • Up to 60% of system cost • Typically Silicon based cells • Single crystal, multi-crystal, or amorphous • Amorphous less efficient • Glass encapsulate • Aluminum frame • Requires grounding • Available with black frames • 25-year warranty is standard Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Inverters • Convert DC power to AC power • Efficiencies 94.5-98% conversion • Battery backup power not standard • Inverter limits production of system • Inverter selection is very important • Inverter failures are more common than module failures • 10-year warranty standard Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Design considerations Orientation: • West to Southeast are acceptable orientations • South face produces most power • West face produces more peak power • Lower pitch = more flexibility • Flat roofs work well • Rack at 10 degree pitch to promote runoff Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Design considerations Array: • Age and condition of roof • Obstructions • Vents, HVAC, pipes, etc. • Shade from trees or buildings • Roofing material • Support structure • Attachment method • Topography and soil conditions Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Design considerations Other important factors: • NEC Article 690 • Grounding • Stringing • Shading • Wind speed – exposure category • Matching modules • Temperature & voltage Generate Change. Choose Solar.
Padre Dam Municipal Water District 862 kW – Santee, CA
University of California – San Diego 880 kW – San Diego, CA
Warner Brothers 538 kW – Burbank, CA
Villa Nueva 697 kW– San Ysidro, CA
Mishawum 480 kW – Charlestown, MA
Mosaica 130 kW – San Francisco, CA
Generate Change. Choose Solar. Accelerate the adoption of Renewable Energy
IPED May 2009 Solar Basics Richard Raeke Director of Project Finance Borrego Solar Systems, Inc. rraeke@borregosolar.com (510) 849-5414 www.borregosolar.com www.borregosolar.com