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Aluminium. 56% growth in aluminium production in the last 10 years 40% of production in OECD, 2004 High trade - 75% of production traded Highly concentrated - Top ten companies account for 54% of production International Aluminium Institute - 99% of global capacity. Aluminium emissions.
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Aluminium • 56% growth in aluminium production in the last 10 years • 40% of production in OECD, 2004 • High trade - 75% of production traded • Highly concentrated - Top ten companies account for 54% of production • International Aluminium Institute - 99% of global capacity
Aluminium emissions • 0.9% (estimated) of total anthropogenic GHG emissions • Two production routes – primary & secondary • Emissions sources (smelting stage, 80% of primary Aluminum emissions) • electricity: 0–11.9 tonnes of CO2 per tonne of aluminium • process PFC: 1.8 • process CO2: 2.2 • Other: 0.3 • Recent progress • recycling (secondary production) increasing • electricity use: 6% reduction 1990-2003 • PFCs emissions: 73% reduction 1990-2003
Primary and secondary aluminium, production and emissions intensity
Primary aluminium electricity use and emissions by region, 2003
Scope for Progress in Aluminium • Adoption of Point Feeder Prebake Cells, current Best Available Technology (9–13% reduction) • Future • wetted drained cathodes (10-25% reduction) • inert anodes (additional 15% reduction) • carbothermic and kaolinite processes (2–6% reduction)