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Water Supply

Water Supply. Water Supply Components. Source of Supply. Water Supply Components. Water processing facilities. Water Supply Components. Means of moving Water. Water Supply Components. Distribution and Storage System. Water Supply Distribution System. Primary Feeders

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Water Supply

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  1. Water Supply

  2. Water SupplyComponents Source of Supply

  3. Water SupplyComponents Water processing facilities

  4. Water SupplyComponents Means of moving Water

  5. Water SupplyComponents Distribution and Storage System

  6. Water SupplyDistribution System • Primary Feeders • Large pipes 400mm (16”) • Brings large amounts of water to different points of a water system • Secondary Feeders • Intermediate pipes 300mm (12”) • Pipes that form a grid between the primary pipes

  7. Water SupplyDistribution System • Distributors • Grid of smaller mains 200mm (8”) supplying hydrants and blocks

  8. Water SupplyHydrants Stem Nut Steamer Cap 100-200mm 65mm Caps Operating Stem Types Dry Barrel Wet Barrel (Internal) Main Valve and Drain (Underground, below Frost line)

  9. Water SupplyHydrant Colour Codes • Class AA – Light blue 5,000 LPM (1,500 gpm) or greater • Class A – Green 3,785 – 5675 LPM (1,000-1,499 gpm) • Class B – Orange 1,900-3780 LPM (500-999 gpm)

  10. Water SupplyHydrant Colour Codes • Class C – Red less than 1,900 LPM (500 gpm) • Dead End– Black Sttipe or Grey – not reliable

  11. Water SupplyHydrants Locations • 90m (300 ft) in high value areas Basic Rule: • Near each street intersection Pre-Plan your areas

  12. Water SupplyPressures • Static • Water is not moving. It is the potential energy available to force water through a pipe. • Normal Operating Pressure • The normal pressure found in a distribution system during a period of normal consumption

  13. Water SupplyPressures • Residual • The pressure left in a distribution system at a specific location when a quantity of water is flowing • Flow • The forward velocity pressure at a discharge opening

  14. Water SupplyAlternative Sources • Yard Hydrants • Hose Hydrants • Draft Sources • Cisterns/Pools • Rivers/Lakes/Ponds • Ditches/Creeks

  15. Water SupplyRural Water Supply • Ponds • Wells • Swimming pools • Cisterns • Ditches • Rivers/Creeks • Tankers • Pumpers • Hydrants

  16. Water SupplyConsiderations • Resistance or friction loss in municipal systems • Corrosion • Chemicals in water • Sediment • Pipe size and length • Water hammer

  17. Water SupplyHydrants • Open and Close • Slowly • Open or Close • Fully • Drain Completely • Know open and close • direction before trying

  18. Water SupplyDrafting Equipment Needed • Portable pump • Hard suction hose with strainer • Fire hose • Static water source

  19. Water SupplyDetermining Hydrant Flow • Open hydrant fully • Open pitot tube pet-cock • Place blade in stream • Hold parallel to port • Record velocity pressure

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