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Public health

Public health. Abdel majeed w ali School of medicine An- najah N University 20 th .Feb.2011 Supervisor: Dr.samar musmar.

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Public health

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  1. Public health Abdel majeed w ali School of medicine An-najah N University 20th.Feb.2011 Supervisor: Dr.samarmusmar

  2. Because of their contact with patients or infective material from patients, many health-care workers (HCWs) are at risk for exposure to and possible transmission of several diseases. • Any medical facility or health department that provides direct patient care is encouraged to formulate a comprehensive immunization policy for all HCWs.

  3. Seasonal Influenza • The flu is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It can cause mild to severe illness, and at times can lead to death • Symptoms • · fever* or feeling feverish/chills • · cough • · sore throat • · runny or stuffy nose • · muscle or body aches • · headaches • · fatigue (very tired

  4. How can the virus spread? • By droplets of contaminated liquid. • Touching an infective materials. • As blood-borne viruses .

  5. Protection • Every body should be protected from the SI . However, the HCWs are the most people exposed to infected persons>>> protection is important especially for them. The experts recommend that the single best way in order to prevent the virus is the vaccination each season.

  6. SI vaccine • The "flu shot"–an inactivated vaccine (containing killed virus) that is given with a needle. • The nasal–spray flu vaccine –a vaccine made with live, weakened flu viruses that do not cause the flu

  7. When to get vaccinated against seasonal flu • Yearly flu vaccination should begin in September, or as soon as vaccine is available, and continue throughout the flu season which can last as late as May. • The seasonal flu vaccine protects against the three influenza viruses that research suggests will be most common. The flu vaccine will protect against 2009 H1N1, and two other influenza viruses (an H3N2 virus and an influenza B virus).

  8. Hepatitis B Hepatitis B is a serious disease that affects the liver. Acute (short-term) illness. This can lead to: loss of appetite , diarrhea and vomiting tiredness , jaundice (yellow skin or eyes) Chronic (long-term) infection(very serious). liver damage (cirrhosis) ,liver cancer ,death

  9. Occupational risk factors • The risk of acquiring hepatitis B from the workplace depends on the amount of exposure to: • human blood or blood products, or other body fluids and tissues known to transmit the hepatitis B virus • needlestick injuries or other puncture injuries from sharp instruments contaminated with blood • close contact with people who carry the hepatitis B virus in family or institutional residence settings

  10. Risk Groups

  11. Some data • chronic infection is an even greater problem globally, affecting approximately 350 million persons • An estimated 620,000 persons worldwide die from HBV-related liver disease each year • Each year about 3,000 to 5,000 people die from cirrhosis or liver cancer caused by HBV.

  12. U.S statistics • 4,519 cases of acute Hepatitis B in the United States were reported to CDC. • the overall incidence of reported acute Hepatitis B was 1.5 per 100,000 population. • Acute infections>> asymptomatic or not reported __ Actual>>>> 43,000(tenfolds) !.!.! • An estimated 800,000–1.4 million persons in the United States have chronic HBV infection.

  13. HBV prevention The rate of new HBV infections has declined by approximately 82% since 1991 The decline has been greatest among children born since 1991, when routine vaccination of children was first recommended

  14. Egypt • Redirect public awareness to where HCV exposure is occurring, that is at the HCW - patient level. • National Curriculum component: Retrain and update curriculum to empowerment by knowledge • Develop an Egyptian HCV catalog of blood borne pathogen exposures in health care settings and self implementing prevention program for health care providers.

  15. Palestine • The ministry of health recommended : The medical student who will begin their clinical studies have to be vaccinated against hepatitis B ,,,,, and also any other clinians will work in a given hospital.

  16. presented by abdelmajeedwaleedali

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