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MTCI : a new MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index

MTCI : a new MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index. J. Dash and P. J. Curran School Of Geography University of Southampton United Kingdom. Overview. Remote sensing of chlorophyll Red edge position (REP) MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI) Evaluation of MTCI One more approach

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MTCI : a new MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index

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  1. MTCI : a new MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index J. Dash and P. J. Curran School Of Geography University of Southampton United Kingdom

  2. Overview • Remote sensing of chlorophyll • Red edge position (REP) • MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI) • Evaluation of MTCI • One more approach • Conclusion and future work

  3. Remote sensing (Broad band/ Vegetation indices) • Where vegetation is • How much vegetation is there • Remote sensing (Red edge/MTCI) • What is the condition of vegetation • Vegetation condition • Environmental understanding • Environmental management

  4. Environmental Understanding • Nutrient cycling • Carbon budgets • Productivity Remote Sensing Data Chlorophyll Content Vegetation Condition • Environmental Management • Crop Productivity • Fertilizer treatment • Biodiversity Preservation preservation

  5. Visible Chlorophyll absorption Near-Infrared internal structure Shortwave Infrared Water absorption Vegetation reflectance spectrum

  6. Red edge Sharp change in reflectance Occurrence of red edge Red edge position (REP) is the point of maximum slope of the curve in red/near infrared region Vegetation reflectance spectrum

  7. * * Chlorophyll in μg cm-2 • Relationship between chlorophyll content and REP • Increase in chlorophyll content • Broadens chlorophyll absorption feature • Shifts REP to longer wavelength SHIFT

  8. Problems with REP • Designed for small volume of continuous spectral data • Insensitive to higher chlorophyll values • REP value depend on the technique used • Two step process, requires user intervention Moving to a landscape scale……. • We have • Large volumes of discontinuous spectral data • High variation in chlorophyll values • We require • Unique value for a index • Automation

  9. 6 7 8 9 10 Position of MERIS standard band setting on a vegetation reflectance spectrum • MERIS and Chlorophyll

  10. Aim • Easy to calculate from MERIS data • Sensitive to wide range of chlorophyll B8 B9 B10 1 2 3 4 • MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI)

  11. 4 3 2 1 • MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI)

  12. MTCI Evaluation • Modeldata • LIBSAIL (LIBERTY +SAIL) • Reflectance from 400-2500nm • Averaged to get the MERIS standard band setting

  13. MTCI Evaluation • Modelresults

  14. MTCI Evaluation • Fielddata • Collected for Maple and Douglas-fir (NASA ACCP-1992-93) • Canopy Spectral reflectance (400-2500nm) • Canopy chlorophyll content • Processed for MERIS standard band setting

  15. Douglas-fir Maple • MTCI Evaluation • Fieldresults

  16. MTCI Evaluation • MERIS data • Study area: New Forest, Hampshire, UK • Acquisition date : 19th October 2002 • Atmospheric model SMAC (Rahman and Gedieu,1994) • Top-of-canopy reflectance • Image processed for • FCC ( Band 10,8,6) • Classified (Isodata) • NDVI • REP • MTCI

  17. MTCI Evaluation • MERIS results Classified FCC

  18. MTCI REP NDVI Min Max • MTCI Evaluation • MERIS results

  19. MTCI Evaluation • MERIS results

  20. And the next ….

  21. FACT SHEET • Another application: Vietnam war and MERIS • Period of war 1961-1971 • Major defoliation mission from 1965-1970 • Herbicide used 21 million gallons • People affected more than 4 million • Area affected 6.46 million acres • Forest destroyed 5 million acres

  22. Another application: Vietnam and MERIS • Agent Orange dominated • n-Butyl ester 2,4,-D and n-butyl ester 2,4,5-T • More than 60% of country sprayed

  23. And the effect… • On humans • Prostate cancer • Respiratory cancers • Multiple Myeloma • Soft tissue sarcoma • On vegetation • Soil contaminated • Large area defoliation • Only trunks standing

  24. Role of remote sensing • Aim • Identify defoliation hotspots • Determine relationship between Agent Orange deposition and current MTCI in forests. • Inputs • MERIS images covering southern Vietnam • Agent Orange data (HERBS files) • Land cover, topography and other data ( waiting)

  25. Min Max • Initial MERIS data.. MTCI REP NDVI

  26. To conclude……… • There was only one MTCI value for each pixel unlike the REP value which will vary with method employed. • Calculation of the MTCI could be automated readily, as it involved one step and no manual intervention • Should it be necessary REP can be estimated from MTCI, as a strong relationship exists between REP and MTCI • MTCI was more sensitive than REP to high chlorophyll contents • Effect of Agent Orange on current forest condition is under investigation

  27. THANK YOU!

  28. and in future……

  29. Example from a simulation Changing water content Changing chlorophyll INPUT Intercellular airspace = 0.05 L I B E R T Y Leaf thickness = 5 Leaf cell diameter =40 m-6 Linear absorption =0.0006 Albino absorption= 5 Leaf chlorophyll content= 50 mg m-2 200 mg m-2 Leaf water content= 250g m-2 300g m-2 Lignin and cellulose =40 g m-2 Nitrogen content=1g m-2

  30. Break! Go back…

  31. Break! Go back…

  32. Lagrangian Linear Interpolation ?

  33. Break! Go back…

  34. Image courtesy : http://www.thenewforest.co.uk/ http://www.hants.org.uk/newforest

  35. Break! Go back…

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