1 / 30

Ear Disorders

Ear Disorders. Presented by Muhammad H. Shamim Doctor of Pharmacy Candidate 2005. Anatomy of the Ear. Pathophysiology. Prone to moisture collection Ideal Environment for bacterial and fungal growth Loss of skin integrity breakdown of natural defenses. Remember Eight.

jonah-mack
Download Presentation

Ear Disorders

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Ear Disorders Presented by Muhammad H. Shamim Doctor of Pharmacy Candidate 2005

  2. Anatomy of the Ear

  3. Pathophysiology • Prone to moisture collection • Ideal Environment for bacterial and fungal growth • Loss of skin integrity • breakdown of natural defenses.

  4. Remember Eight Attributes While Assessing

  5. Remember ! • It is important to establish that the patient really is in pain and not just discomfort. The presence of severe pain requires referral in all cases • Pain or Drainage from the ear may mean an infection, but pain in or around the ear isn’t always an infection from the middle ear

  6. Assessing your Patient • Do you have a fever? • Do you have pain deep in the ear? • Do you have thick drainage from the ear canal that started after pain? • Do you have drainage from the ear canal, redness, swelling of the ear and the surrounding? • Do you have pain behind your ear?

  7. Assessment Continued… • Tenderness when you touch the bone behind your ear? • Pain when ear or ear lobe is pulled? • Fluid in ear, or feeling of pressure or stuffiness that can’t be cleared by coughing, yawing, or swallowing? • Tooth pain? • Pain after airplane? • Pimple in the ear? • Child with hearing problem?

  8. Differential • Ear wax & excess water • Water-clogged ear • Otitis externa • Otitis media • Meniere’s disease • Referred pain

  9. Ear Wax • Content • Appearance • Color

  10. Functions of the Cerumen • Lubrication • Trapping • Waterproof barrier • Antimicrobial • Inhibitory pH

  11. Causes of excess wax • Structure of the external auditory canal • Abnormal cerumen production • Impaction

  12. Goal of Tx of excessive cerumen • Softening • Use of proper agent • Use of safe agent • Use of an effective agent • Restore hearing loss and other associated symptoms

  13. Remember • No Q-tips • Keys are for starting the car or for opening the doors only • Pens and pencils are learning tools, not the cleaning tools

  14. Types of Wax Removers • Oil-based • surface active agents • Bubblers • Urea and glycerol

  15. Only FDA approved OTC for cerumen softening • Carbamide peroxide 6.5 % in anhydrous glycerin • Mode of action • Who should use it? • How often should it be used? • When to refer to MD?

  16. Other Products Commonly Used • Glycerin • Hydrogen peroxide • Docusate sodium • Remember that they are Not FDA approved and there is not enough data to say that they are more effective

  17. Water-clogged ear • Not the same as Swimmer’s Ear (Otitis externa) • Some people are more prone to retaining water • Signs and symptoms • Treatment goals • Exclude these before you recommend OTC

  18. NonPhamacologic Therapy • Tilting the effected ear • Use of blow dryer

  19. Pharmacologic Therapy • Isopropyl alcohol 95% in anhydrous glycerin 5%...Only FDA approved therapy • 50:50 mixture of acetic acid 5% (white vinegar) and isopropyl alcohol 95% • why alcohol , glycerin, or acetic acid? • Use of boric acid and precautions

  20. Acute Otitis Externa (AOE) • Also Called Swimmer’s Ear • Combination of Inflammation and Infection • Two Most Common Precipitants • Common Symptoms • What should be Avoided

  21. Contribution of the Structure

  22. Some Helpful Advices • How to minimize dizziness • Getting better absorption of the applied medication • Cleaning and checking for inflammation

  23. Otitis Media One of the most common childhood illnesses. Approximately $3 billion in healthcare costs were attributed to >5 million cases in 1995 • Three out of 4 children experience ear infection (otitis media) by the time they are 3 years old. • Acute otitis media Vs otitis media with effusion • Most commonly reported symptoms

  24. Meniere’s Disease • How Common is the Disease • Inner Ear Disorder • Chronic Condition • A typical Acute Attack • Is there a Cure??

  25. Hearing Impairment Statistic • Hearing Loss is greater in men • One in every ten (28 million) Americans has hearing loss.  As baby boomers reach retirement age starting in 2010, this number is expected to rapidly climb and nearly double by the year 2030. • Among seniors, hearing loss is the third most prevalent, but treatable disabling condition, behind arthritis and hypertension. • Only 5% of hearing loss in adults can be improved through medical or surgical treatment.

  26. Counseling Hearing-Impaired Patient • Get the Pt’s Attention Before You Speak • Do Not Put Obstacles in Front of Your Face • No Chewing Gum • Use Facial Expressions and Gestures • Don’t Shout • Be Patient, Relaxed, and Positive • www.shhh.org

  27. Instilling ear drops • Washing hands before and after • Avoiding dizziness • Hold the dropper tip down all of the time • Proper technique for adults and children

  28. Summing Up • Be aware of the common presentations of ear disorders • Recognize when to treat and when to refer to GP • Learn to properly counsel and relate to your patients • Empathize • Recognize the common barriers to counseling

  29. Questions And Comments

More Related