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Heat Gains into a Building

Heat Gains into a Building. Solar Gains Shading. Attendance. What improvement did George Ravenscroft (1618 – 1681) develop to make glass windows economically feasible? Made it square Added color to make it more attractive Added lead oxide Learned how to bevel the glass Made it thinner.

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Heat Gains into a Building

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  1. Heat Gains into a Building Solar Gains Shading

  2. Attendance • What improvement did George Ravenscroft (1618 – 1681) develop to make glass windows economically feasible? • Made it square • Added color to make it more attractive • Added lead oxide • Learned how to bevel the glass • Made it thinner

  3. What You Need to Know • How solar radiation effects cooling loads

  4. What You Need to be Able To Do • Be able to calculate solar loads • Develop strategies to limit/postpone/utilize solar loads

  5. Terms • Fenestration • Solar Heat Gain Factor (SHGF) • Shading Coefficient (SC)

  6. sun rays solar gain (radiation) transmitted energy conduction reflected energy glass window Sunlit Glass Fenestration “Any opening in the external envelope of a building that allows light to pass.” QS = solar gain + conduction

  7. Glass - Conduction • Calculated the same way as heating for conduction Qconduction = U  A TD

  8. Calculating the Solar Gain Q = SHGF x A x SC where: SHGF = Solar Heat Gain Factor A = Area SC = Shading Coefficient

  9. Solar Heat Gain Factor (SHGF), Table 2-15A Do you see the three variables?

  10. Shading CoefficientsTable 2-16

  11. Fins Overhangs Shading Strategies

  12. Shading Strategies • Adjacent Buildings

  13. Shading Strategies • A completely shaded window is similar to a North facing window

  14. Accounting for Shade • In the Northern hemisphere, use the North Column

  15. Glass – Conduction QC = U x A x (T2 – T1) QC = .47 x (24 x 4) x 17 QC = 767 Btu/Hr Glass – Solar QS = SC x A x SHGF QS = .90 x (24 x 4) x 29 QS = 2,505 Btu/Hr QT = 2278 Btu/Hr Wall – Conduction QC = U x A x TETD QC = .26 x 377 x 19 QC = 1,875 Btu/Hr Effect of Glass on a South Wall

  16. LEED EA Credit 1 • Credit 1 – Optimize energy performance (1 to 10 points) • Building orientation • Harvest free energy • Sustainable strategies

  17. Cooling Peak Load – Sum of All Cooling Loads at Peak Conditions SensibleLatent Roof = 14,253 Btu/Hr WallS = 1,875 Btu/Hr WallN = 593 Btu/Hr WallE = 2,162 Btu/Hr GlassS = 3,272 Btu/Hr GlassN = 797 Btu/Hr People (30) = 7,350 Btu/Hr 4,650 Btu/Hr Ventilation (372) = 8,184 Btu/Hr 7,083 Btu/Hr Infiltration = 0 0 TOTAL 38,486 Btu/Hr 11,733 Btu/Hr

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