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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Learn about the functions and layers of your skin, including the epidermis and dermis. Explore how cells constantly divide and move upward, forming the protective layers closer to the surface. Discover the importance of the integumentary system.

jonathanmartin
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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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  1. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM CL G S B

  2. Your skin, also called the cutaneous membrane, is an epithelial membrane that covers the entire body.

  3. FUNCTIONS: • Protects against injury and infection • Removes waste products • Regulates body temperature • Sense of touch • Collagen ridges give us our fingerprints • Integumentary System Includes: skin, glands, hair, and nails

  4. 3 LAYERS OF THE SKIN • EPIDERMIS  (stratified squamous) • DERMIS  (dense connective tissue) • SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE **(HYPODERMIS)  adipose tissue (subcutaneous layer often not considered part of skin)

  5. HUM SKIN!

  6. EPIDERMIS “your epidermis is showing” • Avascular • 5 layers (strata) • Stratified squamous cells • Keratinocytes produce keratin (TOUGH, fibrous protein; functions are protection and durability)

  7. LAYERS OF THE EPIDERMIS FROM SUPERFICIAL TO DEEP: • Stratum corneum • Stratum lucidum • Stratum granulosum • Stratum spinosum • Stratum basale

  8. STRATUM CORNEUM “horny layer” • Outermost epidermal layer • Made up of 20 to 30 cell layers • Keratinization = cells gain keratin and are constantly sloughed off and replaced by new cells

  9. STRATUM LUCIDUM • Thin layer, but makes skin here thicker • Clear, dead keratinocytes • *Only found where skin is hairless (palms and soles of feet)

  10. STRATUM GRANULOSUM • Many granules in cells • Some granules contain a waterproof lipid and others contain keratin • Upper portions are beginning to die here

  11. STRATUM SPINOSUM “spiny layer” • Cells appear spiky • Some cell division occurs in this layer • Receives some nourishment from the dermis (by diffusion of blood)

  12. STRATUM BASALE • One row of cells right above dermis • Cells constantly reproducing through cell division • Adequate blood supply from dermis • Melanocytes (pigment cells) produce the pigment (MELANIN) in this layer

  13. How does the skin do it?? *Cells in the lower strata of the epidermis • (mostly in stratum basale and some in stratum spinosum) are constantly undergoing cell division (millions of new cells made daily) and the new cells are pushed upward, away from the blood supply of the dermis to become part of the layers that are closer to the skin’s surface. As the cells move upward toward stratum corneum they start to die off and become flatter. These cells have more protective keratin in them.

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