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Electrical Theory

Electrical Theory. ETT-110 Concepts of Electronics. Electricity. Electricity – is the energy released by the flow of electrons in a conductor Conductor – is a material that has little resistance and permits electrons to move through it easily. Copper Wire at the Atomic Level. ATOM.

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Electrical Theory

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  1. Electrical Theory ETT-110 Concepts of Electronics

  2. Electricity Electricity – is the energy released by the flow of electrons in a conductor Conductor – is a material that has little resistance and permits electrons to move through it easily.

  3. Copper Wire at the Atomic Level ATOM Electron Neutron Proton

  4. The Copper Atom Atom – the smallest building block of matter than cannot be divided into a smaller unit. Nucleus– the heavy dense center of an atom, made up of Protons and Neutrons Electrons – negatively charge particle that orbits the Neutron

  5. Characteristics of Electricity • Current (I) – is the movement or flow of electrons from negative to positive • Voltage (E) – is the difference of potential or force that causes current to flow • Resistance (R) – is the opposition to current flow

  6. Characteristics of Electricity • Current (I) – is measured in Amperes (A) with an Ammeter • Voltage (E) – is measured in Volts (V) with a Voltmeter • Resistance (R) – is measured in Ohms ( ) with an Ohmmeter A Multimeter is a combination of an Ammeter, Voltmeter, and Ohmmeter

  7. Ohm’s Law • Ohm’s Law is the relationship between voltage, current and resistance in a circuit. Current = Voltage Resistance Current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance. When resistance increases, current flow decreases.

  8. Electrical Circuit • An Electrical Circuit is the interconnection of conductors and electrical components which current is designed to flow. • Electrical circuits commonly consist of a voltage source, conductor path, and a load.

  9. Electrical Circuits • Open Circuits - a circuit having an incomplete path that prevents current flow. No electrical work is being done by the circuit • Closed circuit – a circuit having a complete path of current flow. The current flow is converted into either heat, light, sound, or motion.

  10. Electrical Circuits • Short Circuits – a circuit where current flow leaves the normal current carrying path by going around the load and back to the power source or to ground. • A short circuit offers little or no resistance to current flow. • When resistance decreases, current flow increases • Often causes an “overload” and trips a circuit breaker or blows a fuse.

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