Knowledge Management and Virtual Learning Learning machines support learning individuals

1. Knowledge Management and Virtual Learning Learning machines support learning individuals Prof. dr. Walter R. J. Baets Director Graduate Programs Euromed Marseille – Ecole de Management Professor Information, Innovation and Knowledge Universiteit Nyenrode, The Netherlands Business School

2. NOTION The Nyenrode Institute for Knowledge Management and Virtual Education Achmea Microsoft Atos/Origin Philips Sara Lee/DE

3. Wanderer, your footprints are the path, and nothing more; Wanderer, there is no path, it is created as you walk. By walking, you make the path before you, and when you look behind you see the path which after you will not be trod again. Wanderer, there is no path, but the ripples on the waters. Antonio Machado, Chant XXIX Proverbios y cantares, Campos de Castilla, 1917

4. A very great musician came and stayed in our house, He made one big mistake … He was determined to teach me music and consequently, no learning took place. Nevertheless, I did casually pick up from him a certain amount of stolen knowledge. Rabindranath Tagore

5. The problem You don’t know what you don’t know You only know what you don’t know when you need it … then, all classical learning comes too late

6. Hence Just-in-time Just-enough Learning-by-doing Learning-while-doing Learning from past (corporate) experiences

7. By the way It has to do with the pedagogical metaphor Empty Ship’s metaphor versus Traveler's metaphor

8. Just like the optimal process does not exist The optimal learning solution does not exist either Strive for a 60 % solution

9. The advantage of e-learning technologies Communicative tools on a wider (flexible) scale Search engines

10. Origin of Taylor’s thinking in Management The computer: attempt to automate human thinking Manipulating symbols Modelling the brain Represent the world Simulate interaction of neurones Intelligence = problem solving Intelligence = learning 0-1 Logic and mathematics Approximations, statistics Rationalist, reductionist Idealised, holistic Became the way of building computers Became the way of looking at minds

11. Some principles that apply to knowledge 1. Complex Adaptive Systems: unpredictability 2. Irreversibility of time principle (Prigogine) 3. Behavior far away from equilibrium (Prigogine) 4. Autopoiese (Varela) 5. Embodied mind (Varela) 6. Enacted cognition (Varela) 7. Artificial life (Langton) 8. Emergent behavior (agents; Holland) 9. Law of increasing returns (Arthur)

12. OADI-cycle/Individual learning ASSESS Environmental response OBSERVE DESIGN IMPLEMENT ENVIRONMENT Single-loop learning Individual double-loop learning Individual action INDIVIDUAL MENTAL MODEL & FRAMEWORKS Organizational double-loop learning ORGANIZATIONAL ROUTINES & SHARED MENTAL MODELS Organizational action

13. Inter-Action EXPERIENCES Contextual Inter-Action CONTEXTUAL KNOWLEDGE INDIVIDUAL MENTAL MODEL & TACIT KNOWLEDGE • Real life • Databases • Procedures • Simulators • Executive seminars • Concepts • Theory SHARING AND COMMUNICATION Contextualization SHARED MENTAL MODEL & KNOWLEDGE REPOSITORY The Hybrid Business School .

14. IT for the Corporate Knowledge Approach Structuring CASE BASED REASONING SYSTEM Advising Consultation ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS & OTHER A.I. TECHNIQUES Rules • DATA BASES • LEARNING ENVIRONMENT • SIMULATORS • EXPERT SYSTEMS • COMPUTER BASED TEACHING • VIDEO-CONFERENCING Sharing and Communicating the Emergent Learning Material Expertise COMMUNICATION PLATFORM / NEURAL NETWORKS IT for the Hybrid Business School

15. Some interesting technologies Artificial Neural Networks Genetic Algorithms Genetic Programming Fuzzy Logic Artificial life/Agent simulations Negotiating Agents Semantic Search Engines Case Based Reasoning Language technologies Machine learning technologies Conversational technologies

16. Your knowledge infrastructure Ownership (search/learn principles) Remains with those that use it Those that want to learn decide what to learn Just-in-time, just-enough Culture Turn XYZ into a learning culture (via projects) Rewarding Learning platform Provide an ICT infrastructure that allows full access and sharing facilities • Content • What knowledge • to share: • explicit • implicit • learned

17. Learning platform and search/learn principles The knowledge net Explicit knowledge (database) Open learning platform Collaborative tools Dedicated search engines Accessibility for all Open to connect ‘any’ application Solution for e-learning Implicit knowledge (case base) Case based reasoning system Cases stored in an adapted way A methodology for case analysis and storage Corporate knowledge repository Notion Search engine The user with its learning agenda Learned knowledge (case base) Explicit knowledge that is enhanced via experience Using the same methodology for implicit knowledge Interviews with key knowledge owners

18. Some (Best) Practices Xerox Heineken Atos Origin Sara Lee/DE McKinsey Dutch Police Knowledge Network General practitioners and hospital knowledge

19. A TYPICAL MANAGEMENT DIPLOMA COURSE 3O % SELF-STUDY (learning-by-doing) 2O % WORKSHOPS 50 % PROJECT WORK INTERNET INTRANET SKILLS/ ACTIVITIES HYPERTEXT DATABASE C A S E S PC CD ROM CONCEPTS LEARNING/DATABASE SOFTWARE WWW site + other knowledge applications BOOKS EXECUTIVE COURSES

20. Design of corporate virtual universities Executive Programs MBI&I Modules of the MBI&I E-learning solutions Workshops on innovation E-learning support for classroom activities Action research programs

21. Over a period of 18 months Developing an intrapreneurial project (1) 6 on-campus weeks of workshops 9 courses based on virtual (tutor supported) individual and group study Developing an intrapreneurial project (2) E-ntrepreneurships project 700 hours 900 hours 300 hours

22. Ownership learn/search Learning Agenda (Pers. Development) platform ICT culture content Methodology Outcomes (company-specific) Actions The Hybrid Business School White Paper (Board approval) E-learning view Building Blocks Brainstorm 4 Action plans (Board approval) 4 Brainstorms • Project team • Notion • MD/HRM • Line mgt • IT • Marketing/R&D Hyper linked Knowledge platform Explicit knowledge Infrastructure (Plan) learner + learning agenda Search engine Implicit knowledge Skills Activities Hyper linked IT/Application plan Architecture cases Practices Concepts

23. Knowledge Management and Virtual Learning Learning machines support learning individuals Prof. dr. Walter R. J. Baets Philips Chair in Information and Communication Technology Universiteit Nyenrode, The Netherlands Business School