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MIS Discipline

MIS Discipline. Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR Director of TODAİE eGovernment Center tbensghir@gmail.com. About Concept-MIS. What is MIS? Management Information Systems Not simply computer science, management science, organizational behavioral, economics modeling, etc….

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MIS Discipline

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  1. MIS Discipline Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR Director of TODAİE eGovernment Center tbensghir@gmail.com Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  2. About Concept-MIS • What is MIS? • Management • Information • Systems • Not simply computer science, management science, organizational behavioral, economics modeling, etc… Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  3. Management Information Systems (MIS) • is the study of people, technology, and organizations. • Many people think that MIS is all programming. However, programming is just a small part of our curriculum and there are many, many jobs in MIS where you do not program. Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  4. MIS students • learn how businesses use information to improve the company’s operations. • Students also learn how to manage various information systems so that they best serve the needs of managers, staff and customers.  • MIS students learn how to create systems for finding and storing data and they learn about computer databases, networks, computer security, and lots more. Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  5. The difference betweenMIS and CS (computer science) Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  6. What kind of people pursue MIS? • MIS is the ONLY major that focuses on both business processes and information technology. • Are good problem solvers • Like to work with people  • Can think strategically about technology  • Like responsibility for developing and then implementing their ideas  • Can bridge both technology and business  • Can see both details and the big picture  • Are excellent communicators  • Can manage time and resources well Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  7. What jobs do MIS graduates go into? •  MIS professionals are the "communication bridge" between business needs and technology.  • This means that you will have to understand how to figure out how things work, solve problems, find things out, communicate what you found, and learn a lot of new things on a regular basis. It's a dynamic field, and it takes dynamic people to do well in it. • People who can think fast, work hard, and balance a lot of things should really think about MIS. Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  8. What jobs do MIS graduates go into? • Business Analyst • Business Application Developer • IT Consultant • Systems Analyst • IT Development Project Leader • Database Administrator • Business Intelligence Analyst  • Systems Developer • Database Analyst • Web Developer • Network Administrator • Technical Support Specialist • Information Systems Manager • IT User Liaison Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  9. MIS: The more important reasons are:http://mis.eller.arizona.edu/careers/what_is_mis.asp Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  10. MIS Departments Focus on: • MIT: economics, social, IT consulting • CMU: economics, MS/OR, social • UT Austin: economics, MS/OR • Arizona: system, technical • Minnesota: behavioral, organizational Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  11. The Main MIS Journals • MISQ: Behavioral/Organizational • Information Systems Research: Behavioral,/Organizational, Economics, some Systems • Management Science: MS, Modeling, some Systems • J of MIS: Behavioral/Organizational, Economics, some Systems • Decision Support Systems: mostly Systems • Others: Decision Sciences, Information Systems, etc. Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  12. ACM: CACM (IT), ACM Trans. On Information Systems (IR) • IEEE: Computer (IT), TKDE (database), SMC (cybernetics), TITB (biomedicine), Technology Management, Intelligent Systems (AI) • ASIS: JASIST • Other technical journals: IJHCS, IPM, JBI, etc. • Others: Many in Economics, Management, Management Science, Accounting, Finance, Marketing, etc. Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  13. Major MIS Conference: ICIS • Managed by AIS • 1000-1400 participants from US, Europe, and Asia • High quality papers, job search • 20 tracks, major submissions in behavioral, organizational, economics tracks • ICIS 2008, Paris • ICIS 2009, Phoenix, Arizona; Conference Chairs: Nunamaker and Currie; Program Chairs: Chen and Slaughter • New tracks: Web 2.0, Web Mining, Service Computing, Biomedical, etc. Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  14. Future and Opportunities • MIS curriculum needs to be relevant to management (business subject courses, organizations), information (DBMS, data mining, knowledge management, Web contents), systems (supply-chain, ERP, Internet, Web 2.0 apps) • MIS scholars need to go beyond MIS and compete in the broader academic world (CS, Economics, Management, etc.) • MIS research needs to be relevant and useful to businesses Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  15. Curriculum: Some business and behavioral courses; Need many hands-on database, web computing, business systems (CRM, ERP) courses; Need hand-on development projects and interns • Research: What are the emerging topics (Web 2.0, forums/blogs, etc.)? , • Impact: Work with other subject experts (business, biomedicine, security, etc.); Identify and solve new problems; Is it news-worthy (NYT, USA Today, Newsweek)? Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  16. MIS History: Department at Univ. Founding Fathers Dr. Gordon Davis, U of Minnesota  Behavioral and Organizational Research Dr. Jay Nunamaker, U. of Arizona  Systems and Technical Research Dr. Andy Whinston, U. of Texas at Austin, Purdue U.  Economics and ModelingResearch Peter Keen,1980 First IS Confe. MIS Discipline Lacity, 1980, Journal of Management Information Sistems , paradigma of MIS-Study Jenkins, 1985, MIS Methodological Problems Orlikowski, 1989, MIS-lack of Theory Landry ve Banvilla, 1992, MIS -Multi- methods Alavi ve Carlson , 2001 Pozitivist Approach MIS study Baskerville ve Myers 2000, reference discipline Benbasat ve Zmud, 2003, MISIdentiy Crisis Wade, Biehl ve Kim, 2004 MIS baby period Baskerville ve Myers 2009, MIS fashion fade • Minesota Univ. de MIS Department, 1965 • University of Minnesota, founded in 1975 • University of Arizona, founded in 1977 • Turkey: • Boğaziçi MIS,1995 • Başkent MIS, 1996 Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  17. Alavi, M.ve Carlson, P. (1992) “A review of MIS Research and disciplinary development”JofMIS, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Spring, 1992), pp. 45-62 Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  18. MIS/IS Theorieshttp://www.fsc.yorku.ca/york/istheory/wiki/index.php/Main_Page Bilgi Tabanlı Organizasyon Kuramı (Knowledge-basedtheory of thefirm ) Birleştirilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli –UTAUT (Unifiedtheory of acceptanceanduse of technology ) DeloneandMcLean BS Başarı Modeli (Delone ve McLean IS success model ) Enformasyon İşleme Kuramı (Informationprocessingtheory ) Genel Sistem Kuramı (General systemstheory) İşlem Maliyet Kuramı (Transactioncosteconomics ) Kaos Kuramı (Chaostheory) Karmaşıklık Kuramı (Complexitytheory ) Kaynak Bağımlılığı Kuramı (Resourcedependencytheory) Koşul Bağımlılık Kuramı (Contingencytheory) Kritik Sosyal Kuramı Criticalsocialtheory Kurumsal Kuram (Institutionaltheory) Oyun Kuramı (Gametheory ) Örgütsel Bilgi Yaratma Kuramı (Organizationalknowledgecreation) Örgütsel Enformasyon İşleme Kuramı (Organizationalinformationprocessingtheory ) Örgütsel Kültür Kuramı (Organizationalculturetheory ) Sosyal Ağ Kuramı (Social network theory) Sosyal Sermaye Kuramı (Socialcapitaltheory) Sosyo-Teknik Kuram (Socio-technicaltheory) Süreç Görselleme Kuramı (Processvirtualizationtheory) Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (Technologyacceptance model) Yenilikçiliğin Yayılması Kuramı (Diffusion of innovationstheory) Yorumsamacı Kuram (Hermeneutics) Yönetimde Moda Kuram (Managementfashiontheory) Prof. Dr. Türksel Kaya Bensghir-TODAİE

  19. Management Information Systems • MIS • The study of information systems focusing on their use in business and management. • Approaches • Technical • Behavioural • Sociotechnical Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  20. TECHNICAL APPROACHES COMPUTER SCIENCE OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCE MIS SOCIOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY POLITICAL SCIENCE BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES Approaches to MIS SOCIOTECHNICAL Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  21. Baskerville ve Myers (2002) Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  22. Why is IS Important? • For an organisation to survive and prosper • More locations (networking, Internet) • New products and services • Improve jobs and work flows: • Efficiency • Cost • Ethical and social issues Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  23. Why is IS Important? • Worldwide changes: • Global economy • Knowledge- or information-based society • Business enterprise • Digital firm Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  24. Global Economy • Growing percentage of economy relies upon import and export • Need to operate globally • IS can provide global trading infrastructure Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  25. Information Economy 70% 60% % SERVICE 50% % WHITE COLLAR 40% % BLUE COLLAR 30% % FARMING 20% 10% 0% 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1997 YEAR Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  26. Changes to Society • Change of employment profiles: • Less farming • Less ‘blue collar’ – manufacturing • Increased service • Increased ‘white collar’ – office-based • USA: 55% of work force are in knowledge- or information-based activities • Shift of manufacture to low-wage countries Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  27. Business Enterprise • Change from hierarchical organisations • Now flat, decentralised • Relies on instant information • Flexibility with customer focus, with increasing importance Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  28. Digital Firm • An organisation where: • Nearly all relationships with customers, suppliers and employees is digital • Business processes accomplished through digital networks • Flexible • Dependent upon on IT Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  29. INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES: Introduction to Enterprise Applications Traditional View of Systems

  30. INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES: Introduction to Enterprise Applications Enterprise Systems

  31. INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES: Introduction to Enterprise Applications Benefits of Enterprise Systems • Help to unify the firm’s structure and organization: One organization • Management: Firm wide knowledge-based management processes • Technology: Unified platform • Business: More efficient operations & customer-driven business processes

  32. Challenges of Enterprise Systems • Difficult to build: Require fundamental changes in the way the business operates • Technology: Require complex pieces of software and large investments of time, money, and expertise • Centralized organizational coordination and decision making: Not the best way for the firms to operate

  33. Supply Chain Management (SCM) • Close linkage and coordination of activities involved in buying, making, and moving a product • Integrates supplier, manufacturer, distributor, and customer logistics time • Reduces time, redundant effort, and inventory costs • Network of organizations and business processes

  34. Supply Chain Management (SCM) • Helps in procurement of materials, transformation of raw materials into intermediate and finished products • Helps in distribution of the finished products to customers • Includes reverse logistics - returned items flow in the reverse direction from the buyer back to the seller

  35. Information from Supply Chain Management Systems helps firms: • Decide when and what to produce, store, and move • Rapidly communicate orders • Track the status of orders • Check inventory availability and monitor inventory levels

  36. Information from Supply Chain Management Systems helps firms: (Continued) • Reduce inventory, transportation, and warehousing costs • Track shipments • Plan production based on actual customer demand • Rapidly communicate changes in product design

  37. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) • Manages all ways used by firms to deal with existing and potential new customers • Business and technology discipline • Uses information system to coordinate entire business processes of a firm

  38. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) (Continued) • Provides end- to- end customer care • Provides a unified view of customer across the company • Consolidates customer data from multiple sources and provides analytical tools for answering questions

  39. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

  40. Knowledge Management Systems • Collects relevant knowledge and make it available wherever and whenever it is needed • Support business processes and management decisions • Also link the firm to external sources of knowledge • Support processes for acquiring, storing, distributing, and applying knowledge

  41. Information Technology Capital Investment Prof. Dr. Türksel KAYA BENSGHİR

  42. The Role of Information Systems in Business Today • How IS transforming business • Increased technology investments • IS provide economic value to business • Increased responsiveness to customer demands • Shifts in media and advertising and commerce • New federal security and accounting laws required • Globalizationopportunities • Internet reduced costs of operating, on global scale • Customers and firms • Using foreign markets, easily replicate service • E.g. Google and ebay

  43. The Role of Information Systems in Business Today • Emerging digital firm • It’s significant business relationships are digitally enabled and mediated • It’s core business processes are accomplished through digital networks • Key corporate assets are managed digitally • Digital firms offer greater flexibility in organization and management • Time shifting, space shifting

  44. business process • Business process : tasks, rules, behaviors that been developed to produce business results. • eg. • Developing new product • Creating market plan • Hiring an employee • Considered source of competitive strength • IS automate many business process

  45. The Role of Information Systems in Business Today • Business firms invest heavily in information systems to achieve six strategic business objectives: • Operational excellence • New products, services, and business models • Customer and supplier intimacy • Improved decision making • Competitive advantage • Survival

  46. The Role of Information Systems in Business Today • Operational excellence: • Improvement of efficiency of operation to attain higher profitability • Information technology tool to achieving greater efficiency and productivity >Practice business and management behavior based on IT. • E.g. Wal-Mart’s RetailLinksystem links suppliers to stores for superior replenishment system

  47. The Role of Information Systems in Business Today • New products, services, and business models: • Business model: describes how company produces, delivers, and sells product or service to create wealth • Information systems and technology a major enabling tool for new products, services, business models • E.g. Apple’s iPod, iTunes and Netflix’s Internet-based DVD rentals

  48. Customer and supplier intimacy: • Serving customers well leads to customers returning, which raises revenues and profits • E.g. High-end hotels that use computers to track customer preferences and use to monitor and customize environment • Intimacy with suppliers allows them to provide vital inputs, which lowers costs • E.g. J.C.Penney’s information system which links sales records to contract manufacturer

  49. The Role of Information Systems in Business Today • Improved decision-making • Without accurate information: • Managers must use forecasts, best guesses, luck • Leads to: • Overproduction, underproduction of goods and services • Misallocation of resources • Poor response times • Poor outcomes raise costs, lose customers • IS provide real-time data for making decisions • E.g. Verizon’s Web-based digital dashboard to provide managers with real-time data on customer complaints, network performance, line outages, etc.

  50. MIS Discipline -Future

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