National System and Improvement of GHG Estimation in Korea

1. National System and Improvement of GHG Estimation in Korea Seong Ho, Han & Hae Ryun, Kim Statistics Research Institute Korea National Statistical Office Conference on Climate Change, Development and Official Statistics in Asian-Pacific Region Seoul, Republic of Korea 11 – 12 December 2008

2. Background : After Meetings in Oslo Ⅰ Current GHG inventory in Korea Ⅱ Demand for Improvement of GHG Estimation Ⅲ Future Plan for Establishing National System Ⅳ Conclusion Ⅴ Contents

3. Ⅰ. Background : After meeting in Oslo

4. Common Suggestions in Oslo • Cooperation between Institutions to compile climate change statistics － Between NSO and other institutions relating CC statistics, Research Institutes, Policy makers － Interdisciplinary nature of CC statistics － Implies Hard to see an efficient institutional linkages • To fill data gap(Data Needs) － Spatial Data － Statistics for impact analysis, adaptation and mitigation － Few comments on activity data for GHG emission measurement • Setting CC statistics as a main stream of official statistics － The stadardization of classification － High quality data at all steps to construct CC statistics KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

5. Following Questions • Some Differences between developed countries and developing countries regarding CC statistics － Institutional Cooperation － Requested Data to compile GHG inventory － Interest in CC statistics • How to realize the suggestions(Inconvenient Reality) － Strong stakeholders － Which data to be needed － The capabilty to do statistical quality control of specialized field KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

6. Issues on CC Statisticsin Korea • Institution responsible to compile GHG emissions inventory • Improving and developing the CC statistics － Particulary, activity data for constucting GHG inventory • To emphasize importance of CC statistics and the role of statistical office to policy makers and public KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

7. Ⅱ. Current GHG inventory in Korea

8. Korean Policy for Climate Change • Korea signed the UNFCCC in 1993 and ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2002 － Now Korea is a Non-AnnexⅠcountry • Fourth Comprehensive Action Plan has been implementing since 2008 － 1st CAP(’99~’01), 2nd CAP(’02~’04), 3rd CAP(’05~’07) － 4th CAP consists of 4 projects ▪ GHG reduction/Adaptation to Climate Change/ R&D/Establishment of Infrastructure/ International Cooperation KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

9. GHG Emissions • The total emissions increased by 98.7% from 1990 to 2005 － 1990 : 297.5 mil. tCO2eq. － 2005 : 591.1 mil. tCO2eq. • Most of emissions are explained by Energy sector － Energy(84.4%), Industrial process(11.0%) Agriculture(2.5%), Wastes(2.2%) KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

10. Trend of GHG Emissions 591.1 587.3 (Unit : Mil. CO2 eq.) 527.5 451.8 297.5 Energy : 84.4%

11. Emissions & Removals by GHG(2005)

12. Current System for Inventory • Ministry of Knowledge Economy has been compiling and reporting GHG emissions & removals － 3rd NC will be submitted to UNFCCC in Dec. 2008 － Institutions : Ministry of Environment Rural Development Administration Korea Forest Service KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

13. Ⅲ. Demand for Improvement of GHG Estimation

14. Problems of Current Inventory Ⅰ • Institutional system for GHG inventory has not been well-established － MKE is only gathering emission data from each institutions • Review procedure has not been implemented － Q/A and Q/C procedure is required for accuracy KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

15. Problems of Current Inventory Ⅱ • Not all country-specific emission factors is estimated － Most of emissions are estimated by Tier1 method, partially Tier 2 method • There is much lack of activity data － More detailed data are demanded － Necessary data should be compiled KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

16. Estimation of Energy • Emissions(2005) (Unit: Mil. tCO2) • Method － Revised IPCC 1996 GL/GPG 2000 － Tier 1/Tier 2 • Activity data

17. Estimation of Industrial Process • Emissions(2005) (Unit: Mil. tCO2) • Method － Revised IPCC 1996 GL － Tier 1 • Activity data

18. Estimation of Agriculture • Emissions(2005) (Unit: Mil. tCO2) • Method － Revised IPCC 1996 GL － Tier 1/Tier 2 • Activity data

19. Estimation of LULUCF • Emissions(2005) (Unit: Mil. tCO2) • Method － Revised IPCC 1996 GL － Tier 1 • Activity data

20. Estimation of Wastes • Emissions(2005) (Unit: Mil. tCO2) • Method － Revised IPCC 1996 GL/GPG 2000/IPCC 2006 － Tier 1/Tier 2 • Activity data

21. Ⅳ. Future Plan for Establishing NS

22. Establishing National System • According to the project “Establishment of Infrastructure” in 4th Comprehensive Action Plan, National System will be established • KNSO is expected to be the single national entity for the inventory － compiling, managing and developing National GHG emissions & removals KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

23. Tentative Structure of NS Advisory Committee KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

24. Future Responsibility of KNSO R1 Setting up the Institutional & Legal Infrastructures R2 Compiling & Reporting National Emissions & Removals R3 Implementing Quality Management R4 Improvement of Activity Data & Emission Factors

25. Future Plans Establishing the Project Team for NS in SRI • Setting up the Institutional & Legal • co-operation with other institutions • Reviewing & Improvement of the current • estimation methods per each sector • Implementing QA/QC procedure • Establishing the Advisory Committee • Documentation of NS, CRF, NIR KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

26. Ⅴ. Conclusion

27. Some Questions • Institutional Issue to compile GHG inventory - How was it possible for NSO to be the responsible institution? What is condition to do so? - In the past are there any conflicts to hold the responsibility for compiling GHG inventory • Needed activity data to make by emissions sources - In which sources mostly • Statistical Quality control and Quality Assurance - How to do • Organizatonal Setting - The numbers of staffs -ConcreteFunctions of each parts KNSO Korea National Statistical Office

28. Thank You !!!