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Potential and Kinetic Energy

This article explains the concepts of work, energy, potential energy, and kinetic energy. It also outlines the different types of potential energy, such as gravitational and elastic potential energy, and describes the law of conservation of energy. The article concludes with a fun online activity for kids to explore these concepts further.

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Potential and Kinetic Energy

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  1. Potential and Kinetic Energy

  2. Work and Energy • Work = force x distance • Work is only done when an object changes position • Expressed in joules • Energy = the ability to do work • Energy can be present in any object at any time • Can only be observed when energy is being transferred from one object/system to another • Amount of energy can be measured by how much work is done • Expressed in joules

  3. Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Elastic Potential Energy Gravitation Potential Energy Chemical Potential Energy How is all energy divided? All Energy

  4. What is Potential Energy? • Energy that is stored and waiting to be used later

  5. What is Gravitational Potential Energy? • Potential energy due to an object’s position • P.E. = mass x gravity x height • PE = mgh

  6. What is Elastic Potential Energy? • Potential energy due compression or expansion of an elastic object. Notice the ball compressing and expanding

  7. More Examples of Elastic Potential Energy

  8. What is Chemical Potential Energy? • Potential energy stored within the chemical bonds of an object

  9. Another Example of Chemical Potential Energy

  10. What is Kinetic Energy? KE = ½ mv2 • Energy an object has due to its motion • K.E. = .5 x mass x speed2

  11. Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed Energy changes form It’s transferred Total energy in a system remains the same

  12. Energy Systems Closed – energy being transferred in and out is minimal (can be ignored) Open – exchange energy with space around them

  13. Energy Transfer • KE is transferred into PE • PE is transferred into KE

  14. Energy Transfer Notice that the “total” energy in the system stays the same

  15. Wylie Coyote and Roderunner Cartoons

  16. You try! http://www.eduplace.com/kids/hmsc/activities/simulations/gr4/unitf.html

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