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Effectiveness of Mouthwash

Effectiveness of Mouthwash . Megan DiGuiseppe Academy of Notre Dame. Purpose .

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Effectiveness of Mouthwash

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  1. Effectiveness of Mouthwash Megan DiGuiseppe Academy of Notre Dame

  2. Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to test the effectiveness of Listerine Antiseptic, a mouthwash that contains alcohol, and Crest Pro-Health, a mouthwash that does not contain alcohol, on oral bacteria. Not only was the effectiveness of each mouthwash observed, but also how long each rinse is effective.

  3. Background • The active ingredients in Listerine Antiseptic are eucalyptol, methyl salicylate, thymol, and menthol. Ethanol (grain alcohol) is 26.9% of the product’s concentration • The active ingredient in Crest Pro-Health is 0.07% cetlyperadium chloride, which is a bacterial agent that attracts the bacteria in your mouth. • The oral cavity is home to hundreds of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi. However, of all the types of microbes, bacteria are the most numerous. • It has been estimated that there are over 100 million bacteria in every milliliter of saliva.

  4. Hypothesis The hypothesis was that Listerine Antiseptic mouthwash will kill the most oral bacteria immediately after use and be effective the longest because of the active ingredient of alcohol.

  5. Materials • Listerine Antiseptic Mouthwash • Crest Pro-Health Mouthwash • 32 Easy Gel Total Count agar vials and treated Petri dishes • Sterile cotton swabs • Sterile 20 ml measuring cups • Tap water • Incubator • Timer

  6. Procedure • Subjects rinsed with 20ml of tap water for 30 seconds • The inside of the subjects’ cheeks were swabbed • The swabs were mixed with agar vials and the mixture was poured into the dishes • Subjects rinsed their mouths with 20ml of Listerine Antiseptic mouthwash for 30 seconds • The inside of the subjects’ cheeks were swabbed • The swabs were mixed with the agar vials and the mixture was poured into the dishes • Waited 30 minutes 8. The subjects again swabbed the inside of their cheeks • The swabs were mixed with the agar vials and the mixtures were poured into the dishes • Waited 30 minutes • Their cheeks were swabbed once more and the mixtures were poured into the dishes • The dishes were incubated for 48 hours and the bacterial colonies were counted • The entire procedure was repeated again a week later using the Crest Pro-Health mouthwash

  7. Variables • Independent Variable: The brand of mouthwash • Dependant Variable: The number of bacterial colonies after each swabbing • Control: The swabbing after the mouths were rinsed with tap water • Constants: The amount of mouthwash and water, source of water, rinsing time, incubation time,

  8. Graphs and Data

  9. Graphs and Data

  10. Summary Graph

  11. Problems and Limitations • The results are limited because they only apply to high school-aged, Caucasian girls. • Because this experiment used human subjects, there were some minor timing and participation problems.

  12. Further Studies • The same experiment could be conducted again using different brands of mouthwashes or toothpaste. • The effectiveness over a longer period of time could be tested. • This experiment could also be repeated using people of different ages, ethnicities, and gender

  13. Conclusion The first part of the hypothesis that Listerine would kill more bacteria immediately after use was rejected; however, the portion of the hypothesis that Listerine would be effective the longest was supported.

  14. Work Cited • Arnold, P. (2010, July 22). Mouth Bacteria. It’s a Jungle in There. American Journal . Retrieved from http://www.brighthub.com/‌science/‌genetics/‌articles/‌45935.aspx • Bowers, C. (2010). Mouthwash Review: Crest Pro Health Rinse Vs. Listerine Antiseptic. Retrieved from Associated Context, Inc. website: http://www.associatedcontent.com/‌article/‌243129/‌mouthwash_review_crest_pro_health_rinse.html?cat=5 • Colihan, K. (2008, October 7). Mouthwashes really do fight bad breath. WebMD Health News. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/‌oral-health/‌news/‌20081007/‌mouthwashes-really-do-fight-bad-breath • Gutundo, P. (2010). Mouth Bacteria . Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/‌?Mouth-Bacteria&id=1818508 • Halitosis treatments: Using mouthwashes and mouth rinses to get rid of bad breath. (2010). Retrieved from Animated-Teeth website: http://www.animated-teeth.com/‌bad_breath/‌t5_halitosis_cures.htm • Listerine Antiseptic Mouthwash: Original . (n.d.). Retrieved from McNeill-PPC Inc.: Johnson and Johnson Healthcare Products Division website: http://www.listerine.com/‌product-original.jsp • A mouthful on mouthwash. (n.d.). Retrieved from PlantetRx website: http://www.planetrx.com/‌library/‌articles/‌index.cfm/‌ID/‌25037 • Mouthwash. (2008). Retrieved from Cosmetic Dentistry Guide website: http://www.cosmeticdentistryguide.co.uk/‌articles/‌mouthwash.html • Rosenberg, M., M.D. (2010). The Truth about Mouthwash . Retrieved from Ezine Articles

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