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Developing Mental Skill Training Programs. Richard Stratton VAHPERD 2009 Virginia Beach, VA. Basic Components. Concept Education Mental Skill Introduction Mental Skill Training Activities Assessment and Feedback. Concept Education. Theoretical Basis Applied Foundations
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Developing Mental Skill Training Programs Richard Stratton VAHPERD 2009 Virginia Beach, VA
Basic Components • Concept Education • Mental Skill Introduction • Mental Skill Training Activities • Assessment and Feedback
Concept Education • Theoretical Basis • Applied Foundations • Purpose: what does it potentially accomplish? • Key Elements
Mental Skill Introduction • Basic Description of the Mental Skill • Keys for Effective Use • Cautionary Notes
Mental Skill Training Activities • Pre-assessment • Present the Mental Skill • Training Activity/Activities • Feedback
Assessment and Feedback • Pre-training Assessment: create awareness • Post-training Assessment: evaluate training activity • On-going Assessment: evaluate effectiveness of use of the Mental Skill
Assessment and Feedback (cont) • Feedback: after each assessment • During use of the Mental Skill: • Reinforcement • Modify Mental Skill Activities • Modify Related Activities
Mental Skills • Goal Setting • Mistake Management • Energy Management • Visualization/Imagery • Focus/Attention Control
Goal Setting • Motivation: direction, reinforcement, development of new strategies, focus • Outcome, Process, Mastery • Long Term, Short Term • SMART • Written record
Mistake Management • Perfection doesn’t exist • Little Mistakes become Big Mistakes • Sources: skill, physical, mental, emotional • Recover, Refocus, Retry
Energy Management • Control of Available Resources (Inverted-U) • Somatic, Cognitive, Imagery • Simple->Complex • Individualization
Visualization/Imagery • Creation, Re-creation • Practice, Rehearsal, Energy • Modes: Internal, External • Single sensory->multi sensory • Individualization
Focus/Attention Control • Managing Cognitive Resources • Selective Attention/flexibility • Styles • Broad->Narrow • Internal->External
Resources Books and Video Tapes: • Halden-Brown, S. (2003) Mistakes Worth Making, Human Kinetics • Jackson, S.A. & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1999) Flow in Sports, Human Kinetics • Orlick, T. (2008) In Pursuit of Excellence, 4th Ed. Human Kinetics. • Virtual Brands: 5 Essential Mental Skills for Sport, (video tape), and Teaching Mental Skills for Sport, (video tape), www.vbvideo.com • Fitness Information Technology offers 17 sport and exercise psychology videos at their video center at www.fitinfotech.com
Resources Continued Internet Resources: • Coaching Youth Sports web site: http://filebox.vt.edu/users/rstratto/CYS/ • EDPE 5784 Mental Skills Training: https://filebox.vt.edu/users/rstratto/MentalSkills_syllabus.html • Several university athletic department (or psychology department) web sites have mental skills information available also. • Virginia Tech: http://www.hokiesports.com/psychology • Penn State: http://www.mascsa.psu.edu/psychology.html • Mindtools: http://www.mindtools.com Contact Information: Richard Stratton Ph:540.231.5617 Email: rstratto@vt.edu