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Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Chapter 9: Identification of Saliva and Misc. Biological Fluids. Forensic Biology by Richard Li. Biological Characteristics. Human salivary glands produce 1.0-1.5 liters per day Mostly water Amylase- digests carbohydrates in the oral cavity Identification of amylase indicates saliva

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Forensic Biology by Richard Li

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  1. Chapter 9: Identification of Saliva and Misc. Biological Fluids Forensic Biologyby Richard Li

  2. Biological Characteristics • Human salivary glands produce 1.0-1.5 liters per day • Mostly water • Amylase- digests carbohydrates in the oral cavity • Identification of amylase indicates saliva • Enzymes that cleave polysaccarides that are composed of D-glucose units connected by (α1-4) linkages • Starch Forensic Biology by Richard Li

  3. Biological Characteristics • Starch • Amylose • Amylopectin • Two types of amylases: • β-amylase • Plant and bacterial sources • α-amylase • Human • Human salivary (HSA) • Human pancreatic (HPA) Forensic Biology by Richard Li

  4. Presumptive Assays • Visual Examination • ALS (470nm), Microscopic • Starch-iodine assays • Iodine used to test for starch • Not specific • Colorimetric assays • Dye-labeled amylase substrates are employed • Phadebas test Forensic Biology by Richard Li

  5. Confirmatory Assays • Immunochromatographic Assays • RSID-Saliva • ELISA • Monoclonal HSA antibody • RNA-based assays • Certain genes are specifically expressed in certain types of cells Forensic Biology by Richard Li

  6. Misc. Biological Fluids • Vaginal secretions, Menstrual blood, Urine, Feces, Vomitus • Less frequently encountered • Can be probative in certain cases Forensic Biology by Richard Li

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