Unit 3: Science of Psychology

1. WHS AP Psychology Unit 3: Science of Psychology Essential Task 3-2: Distinguish the different careers in psychology (clinical, counseling, developmental, educational, experimental, human factors, industrial-organizational, personality, and psychometric)

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3. Essential Task 3-2: Careers Outline • Distinguish the different careers in psychology • Clinical • Counseling • Developmental • Educational • Experimental • Human Factors • Industrial-Organizational • Personality • Psychometric Outline

4. Clinical vs. Counseling • About 50% of all Psychologists • Counseling psychologists deal with “normal” problems, such as stress caused by career change or marital problems • Counseling psychologist’s focus more on the psychologically healthy individual where clinical focuses on individuals with serious mental illness (e.g. schizophrenia). • Clinical psychologists are concerned with diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders • Split time between treatment and researching the cause of psychological disorders and the effectiveness of different types of psychotherapy and counseling. • Career options include: • Licensed social workers • Counseling psychologists • Clinical psychologists • Psychiatrists • Psychoanalysts Outline

5. Developmental • Study of physical and mental growth from birth to old age • study of changing abilities from womb to tomb • Subfields • Child psychology • Adolescent psychology • Life-span psychology Outline

6. Educational • School Psychologist • Psychological evaluations • Consult with school personnel in relation to students’ learning, behavior, and environments • They are trained to look at the effectiveness of academic programs, classroom agendas, and treatment interventions, which assists in the development of specific interventions. Outline

7. Experimental • Design research experiments • May or may not have a direct impact on the treatment of patients • Animal subjects • Drug trials Outline

8. Human Factors • The science of understanding the properties of human capability (Human Factors Science). • The application of this understanding to the design, development and deployment of systems and services (Human Factors Engineering). • The art of ensuring successful application of Human Factors Engineering to a program (sometimes referred to as Human Factors Integration).It can also be called ergonomics. Outline

9. Industrial Organizational • Study of psychological principles in industry and business • Examples • Selecting and training personnel • Productivity improvement • Optimizing working conditions • Managing the impact of automation on workers Outline

10. Personality • looks at the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that make a person unique. • Study of how people differ from one another on traits such as • Conscientiousness • Agreeableness • Neuroticism • Openness • Extraversion • Administer personality tests such as the MMPI or the Myers Briggs Outline

11. Psychometric • the field of psychology concerned with the theory and technique of psychological measurement. • Create psychological tests that are reliable and valid. Outline