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PSYCHOLOGY AS SCIENCE

PSYCHOLOGY AS SCIENCE. What is Science? What Kinds of Questions Can Science Address? How Does Science Compare to Other Ways of Knowing? What are the Goals of Psychological Science? What is a Scientific Theory?. What is Science?.

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PSYCHOLOGY AS SCIENCE

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  1. PSYCHOLOGY AS SCIENCE • What is Science? • What Kinds of Questions Can Science Address? • How Does Science Compare to Other Ways of Knowing? • What are the Goals of Psychological Science? • What is a Scientific Theory?

  2. What is Science? • A method for answering questions using systematically collected, verifiable data • What is systematic? • What is verifiable?

  3. What Kinds of Questions Can Science Address? • A scientific hypothesis must be: • Falsifiable • Precise • Rational • Parsimonious

  4. How Does Science Compare to Other Ways of Knowing? • Other ways of knowing: • Intuition • Superstition • Authority • Tenacity • Rationalism • Empiricism

  5. How Does Science Compare to Other Ways of Knowing? • Advantages • objective way to settle disputes • self-correcting • Limitations • cannot address all questions • conclusions lack certainty

  6. Goals of Psychological Science • Describe behavior • Predict behavior • Explain behavior

  7. Goals of Psychological Science • Basic Research – seek knowledge; develop and test theories • Applied Research – apply results to real-world situations and problems

  8. What is a Scientific Theory? • An organized system of claims that offers an explanation for a set of phenomena • Theories make claims about how constructs are related. • Theories vary in how well they are supported by the evidence.

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