1 / 13

Human Factors Issues in Virtual Environments: A Review of the Literature

Human Factors Issues in Virtual Environments: A Review of the Literature. Stanney, Mourant, Kennedy Summarized by Geb Thomas. Shneiderman.

jstreeter
Download Presentation

Human Factors Issues in Virtual Environments: A Review of the Literature

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Human Factors Issues in Virtual Environments: A Review of the Literature Stanney, Mourant, Kennedy Summarized by Geb Thomas

  2. Shneiderman • Analyses of VR user-interface issues may be too sober a process for those who are enjoying their silicon trips, but it may aid in choosing the appropriate applications and refining the technologies

  3. Human Performance Efficiency in Virtual Worlds • Build VE that minimize the learning required to operate within them, but maximize the information yield • Trial and error because of non-system-specific guidelines (models would be even better) • If it doesn’t work, the the pursuit of the technology may be fruitless

  4. Performance Criteria • Navigational Complexity • Possibly the most important issues • Degree of Presence • Benchmark tests

  5. Fields Related to VE Navigation • Mental maps • Wayfinding • Dead reckoning • Spatial Orientation • Time to Collision • Geographical orientation • Vestibular functions

  6. Presence • Generally thought that better presence will lead to better performance. • Evaluated with questionnaires

  7. Benchmark Tasks • Ability to Move • Ability to Manipulate and track virtual objects • Locate virtual sounds • Respond to kinesthetic force feedback • Judge virtual distance • Search for, recognize and estimate the size of virtual environments

  8. Task Characteristics • Some are naturally suited to VE • Data and Feature Analysis • Data visualization • Stereo helps some tasks • Pick and place (but the jury is still out) • Transfer of training for navigation • Little direct evidence for interactivity and task performance • Little direct evidence for immersion

  9. User Characteristics • Input (interpupillary distance) • Throughput (cognitive style) • Output (human performance) • Differences in sense of presence and cybersickness • Level of experience • Technical aptitude • Personality traits are not significant • Age is significant (perceptual deficits?)

  10. Constraints due to Visual Perception Limitations • Anomolies in optical flow patterns • Sensitivity to interpupilary distance • Limited FOV • FOV Overlap for stereo • Binocular rivalry • Diplopia

  11. Multimodal Interaction • Sensorial redundancy, such as visual auditory and tactical feedback can enhance performance • Redundant inputs are common in communication • Sensorial transposition is sometimes feasible

  12. The problem of Metaphor • Affordances -- goals naturally furnished by the environment • Oren -- Every new technology goes through an initial incunabular stage where old forms continue to exist that may not be uniquely suited to the new medium. • VR slider, map cubes, tow planes -- the new metaphors?

  13. Health and Safety • The Eyes: • emf • cataracts if the CRT produces x-rays • eyestrain from flicker, poor adjustment, glare • Visual aftereffect may endanger a viewer • Macroscopic Effect • Cybersickness

More Related