Unit 5 The power of nature

1. Unit 5 The power of nature

2. 基础知识自测

3. 一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。 1._____________ [vCl5keinEu] n. 火山 2._____________ [i5rQpt]vi. (火山) 爆发 3. _____________[AN^5zaiEti] n. 担心；焦虑 4._____________ [5trembl] vi. 摇晃；颤动 5._____________ [bC:]vt. 使感到厌烦 6._____________ [5kAnsEl]vt. 取消；撤消 7._____________ [5kQridV]n. 勇气,胆量 8._____________ [dai5vE:siti]n. 多样性；多种多样 9. _____________ [Ed5ventFE]n.冒险 volcano erupt anxiety tremble bore cancel courage diversity adventure

4. 10.____________ [i5vAljueit]v. 评价；估计 11.____________ [ik5sait]n.使兴奋；使激动 12.____________ [fAn5tAstik]adj.奇异的；极好的 13.____________ [5fauntin]n. 喷泉 14.____________ [5AbsElu:tli]adv. 绝对地；完全地 15._________________ [Qn5fC:tjJnEtlI]adv. 不幸地 16.____________ [5pAnik]vi.& n. 惊慌 17.____________ [5preFEs]adj. 珍贵的；贵重的 18.____________ [pE5tenF(E)l]adj.潜在的；可能的 19.____________ [im5pres]vt. 给…留下深该印象 20.____________ [7^ArEn5ti:]vt. 保证；担保 evaluate excite fantastic fountain absolutely unfortunately panic precious potential impress guarantee

5. 二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，以及首字母或汉语提示，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。 1．The students were e_________ to hear the news that their team had won the game. 2．Sometimes the teacher’s teaching is b_________ that some students even feel asleep I class. 3．A volcanologist is a person who studies the formation of v______________, and their current and historic eruptions. 4．Li Ping fell off his bike and hurt himself yesterday, f______________, it wasn't serious. excited boring volcanoes fortunately

6. 5．People all over the world were a_____________ to have peace. 6．The soldier had shown great __________(勇气) in the battle. 7．In my childhood, my father i___________ on me the value of hard work.. 8．I have_____________(删去) many unnecessary words in my manuscript (原稿). 9.The new television ___________(保修单) had a with it. 10．All the children listened to his_____________(冒险) with eager attention. anxious courage impressed cancelled guarantee Adventures

7. 三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The crowd feel excited to hear the __________ (excite) news。 2. The Anthem Olympic Games was really an _____________( impress) one. 3. Thanks to your ________________(encourage), I’ve made great progress in my study. 4. The teacher praised him for his ______________（anxious）for knowledge. 5．________________（fortunate）, belts are worn only by a small percentage of drivers and passengers. exciting impressive encouragement anxiety Unfortunately

8. Bathing 6．_________(bathe) in the polluted water resulted in their disease. 7．The research project has only been under way for three months, so it's too early ________________(evaluate) its success 8．It is really a ___________（fantasy）place for the children to play. 9．Real friend ship is ________________(precious) than money. 10．The meeting had to _______________ (cancel) in the end because of the heavy storm. to evaluate fantastic more precious be cancelled

9. 四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英文。 1.compare… with_______________ 2. make one’s way _____________ 3. vary from…to ________________ 4. meet with _________________ 5. make an effort ________________ 6. 由…覆盖_________________ 7. 全部焚烧____________________ 8. 冒险 ____________________ 9. 匆匆看一遍____________________ 10. 将…比做 ________________ 与……相比 前往 由……到……不等 偶遇, 遭受 努力 be covered with burn to the ground take a risk glance through compare …to

10. 五、词组运用 词组填空 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适当的形式填空。 1. Living in a town can't ________________living in the country in many respects. 2. It was a dark rainy night and they ______________ to the village at the foot of the mountain. 3. There are different kinds of computers in the store and their prices ______________2,000 yuan ______ 12,000 yuan. 4. About 71 % of the surface of the earth ____________________water. compare with made their way vary from to is covered with

11. 翻译填空 根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个恰当的词组完成句子。 5. In the bookstore, I__________(遇到) a former classmate. 6. Can you _________________ (看看) the figures for me? 7. The big fire _________ the house ________________ (夷为平地). met with glance through burned to the ground

12. 句子翻译 从上述短语中选择恰当的短语翻译下列句子。 8．教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。 9．他冒险过这座旧桥。 10．他尽力爬上墙。 A teacher's work is often compared to a candle. He took a risk when he crossed the old bridge. He made an effort to climb the wall.

13. Language points

14. 1. It shows a volcano erupting. erupt. vi ( 指火山，战争，危机，问题等） 爆发；突然发生 足球赛后城里发生了暴力事件。 Violence erupted in the city after the football match. eruption . n eruptive adj. in eruption在喷发中

15. explode 爆炸 burst 爆炸，炸开 erupt 爆发 a volcano erupting 是一个动名词的复合结构， 在此作shows的宾语，其中a volcano 是动名 词erupting 逻辑上的主语。 I don’t understand his / him behaving like that. 我不明白他有那种行为。

16. 2. Share your knowledge with others in your class. share. vt. 分享，分配，分摊 ； 共有， 共用; 有同样的感情（或想法,经历等） Sue shares a house with three other students . We shared the pizza between the four of us. Men often don’t like to share their problems. Both drivers shared the blame for the accident. share. n 一部分；一定量，一份，股份 the lion’s share最大，（或最好）的一份

17. 3. Yet, however weak we are, we are not completely powerless. yet. 在此是连词，作“但是，然而” （but, however) I have slept eight full hours, yet I’m still sleepy. 我睡了足足8个小时了，可还是想睡。

18. 并列连词but不可与从属连词though/ although 同时出现，而yet 作为副词，可与though /although 同时出现 ---Have you been to New Zealand ? --- No, I’d like to, _______. A, too B. though C. yet D. either though 可用作副词，意为“然而，但是”, 需置于 句末，而yet 应置于句首。

19. 4. Can you imagine climb into a live volcano in order to take the temperature of the boiling rock inside. live. adj. live animals. 活的 live coverage of the World Cup 世界杯的实况转播

20. live coals 燃烧着的煤块 Pollution is still very much a live issue. 污染仍然是目前非常让人关注的问题 （目前所关心的，时下重大的）

21. living , lively, alive, lovely, live的区别： living, 现存的，活的 live , 活的, 现场直播的 alive活着的，只作后置定语和表语。 lively, 精力充沛的，生气勃勃的 lovely可爱的，美丽的，优美的，有吸引力的

22. take the temperature of sb. take sb’s temperature, 测量某人的体温 have /run a temperature 发烧 （=have / run a fever）

23. 5. Do you like adventure in your life? adventure. n. 奇遇，冒险（活动） adj. adventurous vt. 拿….冒险；大胆进行；大胆表示 She is so shy a girl that she never __________ an opinion in public. Boys like adventure. 男孩子喜欢冒险 adventures adventure使人心振奋，寻求刺激的冒险

24. 6. I am never bored. bore. vt 使感到厌烦 bore. n 令人讨厌的人或事物 bored. adj. 感到厌烦的 boring adj. 令人厌烦的 Mr. Smith, ______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel. There was a ______ expression on his face. The speech was so ______ that I fell asleep while listening. bored boring bored boring

25. 7. …, because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. excite. vt. 使兴奋； 使激动 • -- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game? • -- Oh, that’s ________. • what makes me feel excited. • B. whatever I feel excited about • C. how I feel excited • D. when I feel excited.

26. 改错： Much to our excitements, our team won the game again The exciting look on his face suggested that he was much excited at the exciting news. Excitedly, my best friend Peter has come out first in the contest. excitement excited Excitingly

27. 8. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help to protect people from one of the … that I help to … 这是that 引导的表语从句，在从句中， that 不作成分。 ____ the young man works very hard is _____the manager appreciates him for. That what

28. however. 不管怎样，无论什么程度，然而，不过 instead. 代替，反而，却，相反 therefore 因此，所以，因而 thus . 如此，这样，因而，从而 yet. 还，尚未（否定句）， 然而，尽管

29. however, therefore, instead, thus, yet 1. At his age, he is supposed to study hard at school. _______ he spends most of his time in the net bar. 2. There is still much to discuss. We shall, _________, return to this item at our next meeting. 3. Although he didn’t attend the meeting, ____ he knows everything about it. instead therefore yet

30. 4. We thought the figures were correct. ________, we have discovered some errors. 5. He’s only 17 and ____________ not eligible to vote. 6. He is the eldest son and _____________ heir to the title. However thus/ therefore thus/ therefore

31. 9. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast it will flow. “ Having … information” 用现在分词的完成式，在句中作时间状语，表明该动作发生在主句动作之前。 我不想继续求学，便决定当一个服装设计师。 Not wishing to continue my studies, I decided to become a dress designer.

32. 由于没有收到回音，他决定再写一封信。 Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. evaluate v. 评估；评价；估计 我没有看到他的工作情况，无法评价他的能力。 I can’t evaluate his ability without seeing his work. It’s hard to evaluate her as a singer.

33. 10. Unfortunately, we can’t move their homes out of the way and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground. unfortunate. adj. 不幸的，倒霉的

34. 归纳拓展： unfortunate. adj. 不合适的；不恰当的；令人遗憾的 unfortunately. adv. 遗憾地，不幸地 fortunate adj. 交好运的，带来好运的；幸运的 fortune. n. 机会；运气；命运；财产 make a fortune 发财 try one’s fortune 外出找出路

35. He went to the west and _____ a fortune soon by selling cars. • received B. found • C. made D. searched

36. burn to the ground 全部焚毁 这所房子已焚为平地。 The house was burnt to the ground. burn down ( burn to the ground ) 烧毁，烧平 burn up 烧掉，烧毁 burn out 烧光，烧尽

37. translate the several sentences: When boiling rock erupts from the volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine. 当滚烫的岩石从火山喷出并撞回地面时，它所造成的损失比想象的要小些。

38. This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea where the rock fall. 这是因为在熔岩降落的基拉维厄山顶附近无人居住。 The lava that flows slowly down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path underthe molten rock. 沿着山坡下流的熔岩造成的损失要大得多，因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切都掩埋在熔岩下。

39. 11. I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound.

40. 12. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already. quite a few (口语）相当多的 (= not a few) Not a few people have made that mistake. 很多人犯过这种错误。

41. a few 几个 ( 表示肯定意义） only a few 仅少数的，只有几个 以上短语皆修饰复数名词，修饰不可数的有： not a little 相当多的 quite a little only a little 只有一点点

42. 13. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. was about to + when 这时，突然 was doing sth. 他正要离开，突然电话响了。 He was about to leave when the telephone rang. 史密斯一家正在看电视，这时外面有人喊“救火”。 The Smiths were watching TV when someone called “ fire” outside.

43. 14. in the distance 在远处；在遥远的地方 at a distance 以一定距离 在稍远处 fountain. 是人造喷泉, 而指天然喷泉时则用spring. A group of children are playing in the fountain in the park. 一群孩子在公园的喷泉中玩耍。 An encyclopedia is fountain of knowledge. 百科全书式知识的源泉。

44. 15. It was an absolutelyfantastic sight. *absolute. 绝对的，完全的 我认为他们那样对待那个孩子绝对不光彩( disgrace )。 I think it’s an absolute disgrace the way they treat that child.

45. *absolute 还意为“确实的”，“的确如此”的，“无疑的”,”独立的” absolute truth 事实真相 absolute alcohol 无水酒精 It’s an absolute fact.这是千真万确的事。 absolutely. adv. 绝对，完全地， 常用于回答问题或用作评语 -- Do you agree with me? -- Absolutely. 你同意我的意见吗？ 完全同意

46. fantastic.adj. ( 口语）极好的，很棒的；奇异的，古怪的；异想天开的；难以置信的 • You have passed your test? ______! • Fantastically • Fantastic • Wonderfully • Greatly

47. 海湾的夜景更美。 The night view of the bay is even more fantastic. insects of fantastic shapes 奇型怪状的昆虫 a fantastic plan 不切实际的计划 fantastically adv. 难以置信地；奇异地；极好地 fantasize v. 想象；幻想 fantasy n. 想象；幻想， 幻想出来的东西

48. 16. It wasn’t very easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the crater. make one’s way( to) . 前进，前往，获得成功；发迹 我们顺着山坡往下朝城里行进。 We made our way down the hill towards the town. Henderson began to make his way in politics. 亨德森逐渐在政治界有所建树。

49. 与way有关的词组： make way ( for) 让路；让出位置 fight one’s way 奋勇前进 lose one’s way 迷路 go one’s way 走自己的路 feel one’s way 摸索前进

50. make its way 有利可图 make the best of one’s way 尽快走 push one’s way 挤过 find a way out 找出出路 find one’s way找到路；设法达到 out of the way 不挡道；不碍事 in the way 挡道的；妨碍人的 In a way 在某点上；在某种程度上