The Efficiency Play in the UPS Market

1. The Efficiency Play in the UPS Market • Texas South 7x24 chapter meeting • December 19, 2018

2. Addressing data centers trends • “Pay as you grow” • Higher availability • Higher efficiency • Distributed redundancy • Alternative energy storage • Grid-aware systems

3. 2-Level vs 3-Level Efficiency Redeploy energy savings to other revenue generating equipment 93PM Efficiency Double Conversion and ESS

4. Inverter technology comparison Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Efficiency 2-Level Two-level, +E and -E 3-Level • Higher component count creates higher conduction losses. • Switching losses in 3-level dramatically reduced, however. • Conduction losses + switching losses result in overall better efficiency for the system. Three-level: +E, 0, -E PWM with 3-level design makes it “easier” to filter to a smooth sinewave, which requires smaller filter components

5. Grid-aware UPS systems Providing true energy management technology that is reliable and efficient.

6. Dual purpose UPS • Continues to provides power quality management for critical load • Adds energy management options • Demand charge management • Time-of-use energy management

7. Terminology: Dual Purpose System: A UPS capable of supporting both a traditional UPS function while also supporting an energy storage system Energy Arbitrage: The practice of purchasing and storing electricity during off-peak times, and then utilizing that stored power during periods when electricity prices are the highest. Frequency Regulation: Either supplying power or lowering load in response to utility request. This function supports stabilizing grid frequency during high and low load demands Demand Response: Using stored energy to lower customer’s peak power demand from grid. Utility Pricing: Usage: Rate for each kWh used Demand Charge: Charge for the maximum kW you may utilize. Facilities Charge: Additional demand charge to re-coup infrastructure cost

8. Customer considerations • UPS operates normally to support customer’s critical load. • Additionally, customer maintains full control of energy services: • Enable/disable • Desired peak limits • Peak pricing model • Minimum UPS backup time Peak Shaving Load (kW) Time of Day

9. System components Software • Inputs: • Utility peak day pricing • Utility load (peak shaving) • Critical load minimum runtime • Weather inputs • Generator start control UPS Utility Source Critical Load Lithium backup/storage

10. Operating modes: Normal double conversion operation (UPS mode only) Dual Purpose – double conversion + grid demand reduction operation Dual Purpose – double conversion + adding demand to grid • Battery fully charged • Static switch off • UPS still supporting load • Battery charging • Static switch off • UPS still supporting load • Battery discharged to provide partial power to load to reduce utility demand

11. Why is this possible now? Lithium. • Lithium is viable alternative to traditional VRLA offerings • Lithium provides longer life (and warranties), higher operating temperatures, higher cycle rates and smaller footprints. These benefits, in turn, provide the lowest total cost of ownership! N54 VRLA Samsung LG Chem VRLA Lithium • 58% smaller • 75% less weight • BMS included • >8x # of cycles • >2.4x life and warranty • Higher operating temp (0 - 40°C) kW: 250 kWh: 28 Weight (lbs): 1100 In2: 432 kWh: 33 Weight (lbs): 4855 In2: 1436 kW: 200 kWh: 33 Weight (lbs): 1213 In2: 624

12. Lithium chemistry types Samsung LG Chem Specific energy Capacity that relates to runtime  Specific power  The ability to deliver high current Performance at hot and cold temperatures  Life span Reflecting cycle life and longevity Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO) + Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO) + Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)

13. Samsung cabinet design

14. Lithium safety

15. Lithium life expectancy • Lithium provides 2.4x longer life at 25°C (vs VLRA) and even longer “x life” at higher temps • At 25°C, lithium provides 15 years of life with a 10 year warranty on the performance of the lithium

16. Lithium Summary

17. Predictive analytics: Drive the data center of the future

18. Data is all around us—that’s how the Internet of Things grew to be what it is today.

19. Real world example • GE Aviation uses sensors in its jet aircraft engines to collect performance data • Engines produce one terabyte of data per flight • IoT technology uses that data to drive pre-emptive repairs • Short maintenance bursts can then happen early on, reducing the total time spent in repairs • Their goal is to detect engine faults before they grow into bigger ones Source: Computing – The future is here today: How GE is using the Internet of Things, big data and robotics to power its business

20. Real world example Mercedes AMG has about 300 sensors on each high-performance car. This data goes into computations and between-race simulations to improve performance on race day. Source: The New York Times – As a Data Deluge Grows, Companies Rethink Storage

21. The same can be done in a data center • The core of your infrastructure is power management • Harnessing sensor data can be a game changer for predicting component failures, and UPSs house hundreds of data points • Tools like IBM Watson allow you to gather real-time data that drives fact-based understanding of asset performance and usage • These predictive and cognitive tools can lead to reduced unplanned downtime, lower maintenance costs, extended asset life and optimized maintenance

22. How predictive analytics works

23. Benefits of predictive analytics • Data agnostic • User-friendly model creation • Interactive dashboards • Faster decision making capabilities

24. UPSs are some of the most complex infrastructure components • Fans, air filters, capacitors, batteries and power module electronics are most likely to fail • 40% of failures are due to parts; the remaining 60% are due to human, design and other errors

25. A smarter UPS makes the difference • Data points in a smarter UPS provide enhanced diagnostics to feed a data engine • With the support of UPS monitoring experts who bring experience of how parts perform and fail, a component failure can be predicted • This enables proactive management through a better understanding of equipment issues

26. More than just fancy analytics Predictive analytics in the data center keep you focused on more strategic activities and your facility running smoothly • Traditional model is break/fix • Model of the future is knowing a part needs replacing before it causes downtime

27. How costly can downtime be? • Eaton research found the average cost of downtime to be$471,000 per hour • 23% of those surveyed said their sites are extremely critical with downtime costs of more than $1 million per hour

28. In a hectic data center—especially one with remote environments—determining if a device is about to fail can be like finding a needle in a haystack.

29. The value for you • Use data to identify inconsistencies in performance and make an informed diagnosis • Shift from a reactive service model to a proactive one • Access to improved predictive models and insights as the pool of devices sharing data grows • Peace of mind—you don’t need to have all the answers

30. Looking ahead: ROI and TCO • Reduce the risk of downtime due to UPS part failures by 75% to 90% • Save costs and resources by operating in scheduled maintenance windows • Avoid reputation or SLA breaches • Streamline the types and frequency of preventive service based on device needs

31. Human interaction isn’t going away • Deducing insights from analytic tools requires experts who can interpret the information and make informed decisions • Algorithms must learn from false positives • Technicians are needed to investigate and make the final call

32. Questions?

33. Thank You for Attending! 7x24 TX South Chapter Link for membership  https://7x24exchangetexassouthchapter.wildapricot.org/. 

34. 2018 Corporate Sponsors GOLD

35. 2018Corporate Sponsors SILVER

36. ABM Facility Support Services Critical Project Services, LLC DataCom Power, Inc Digital Realty Duplantis Design Group Graybar Electric IES Commercial & Industrial Infinity MEP NextGen Security Salas O’Brien Schneider Electric Sika Sarnafil Staco Energy Products Sunbelt Rentals Whiting-Turner BRONZE 2018 Corporate Sponsors

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