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Chapter 11 Origin and Ages of Lakes

Chapter 11 Origin and Ages of Lakes. Glacial Tectonic Volcanic Riverine Coastal Solution Reservoir. http://www.eeescience.utoledo.edu/Faculty/Gottgens/webpapers/Gottgens%20et%20al.%20WASP%201998.pdf. Glacial lakes. Developed by an ice barrier proglacial lakes)

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Chapter 11 Origin and Ages of Lakes

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  1. Chapter 11Origin and Ages of Lakes • Glacial • Tectonic • Volcanic • Riverine • Coastal • Solution • Reservoir

  2. http://www.eeescience.utoledo.edu/Faculty/Gottgens/webpapers/Gottgens%20et%20al.%20WASP%201998.pdfhttp://www.eeescience.utoledo.edu/Faculty/Gottgens/webpapers/Gottgens%20et%20al.%20WASP%201998.pdf

  3. Glacial lakes • Developed by an ice barrier • proglacial lakes) • Developed by glacial erosion • Cirque and paternoster lakes, fjords, and kettle or pothole lakes • Developed by glacial deposition (moraines) • Developed by a mixture of glacial activity

  4. Cirque Lakes Lake Seal, Tasmania Summit Lake, Alaska

  5. Paternoster lakes (Glacier National Park)

  6. Fjords (Norway)

  7. Kettle lakes (ex Dundee WI) formed when block of trapped glacial ice in accumulated till melted. Plunge-pool lakes formed at the base of a waterfalls off retreating glaciers. melt water

  8. Morainal damming formed the Finger Lakes, Lake Mendota (& many WI lakes) Space-shuttle photograph of the Finger Lake district in western New York. http://www.geospectra.net/kite/ny_finger/finger.htm

  9. Glacial Lakes

  10. Polygon ponds, Arctic region (see book Fig. 11.18).

  11. Tectonic Lakes (formed by deep earth crustal movements) • Lake Baikal • Max depth 1,620 m • Length: 636 km • Width: 80 km • Shoreline length: 2,100 km • Volume: 23,600 km3 (almost 20% of the world’s surface fresh water, • more than all five Great Lakes combined)

  12. Lake Tanganyika Graben lakes: multiple faults (see book Fig 11.19)

  13. Rifting A geologic term that describes the process that occurs when land sinks between two parallel faults.

  14. African rift lakes Lake Chad Depth: 2-3 m Watershed:lake = 604:1

  15. Lake Chad, which once straddled the borders of Chad, Niger, Nigeria and Cameroon, has shrunk by an estimated 95% since the mid 1960s, due to the growth of agriculture and declining rainfall. Image: Unep

  16. Volcanic crater Lakes

  17. (See also book Fig 11.20)

  18. Riverine (or fluvial) lakes

  19. Riverine lakes (book Fig 11.17): Dominant lake type at low latitudes Oxbow, blocked-valley, floodplain lakes (varzea) River meander becomes separated  Oxbow lakes (billabong) http://www.lmic.state.mn.us/gifs/wilkin_oxbow.jpg

  20. Lakes with other origins • Coastal lakes • Solution (karst) lakes • Reservoirs

  21. Wintergarden, Florida

  22. “Gator Lake”, Florida Everglades (1989)

  23. Reservoirs

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