Approximately two-thirds of all the active volcanoes on Earth are located

2. Approximately two-thirds of all the active volcanoes on Earth are located in the Atlantic Ocean. along the east coasts of continents. in the Indian Ocean. within the Ring of Fire. in Asia.

3. Approximately two-thirds of all the active volcanoes on Earth are located in the Atlantic Ocean. along the east coasts of continents. in the Indian Ocean. within the Ring of Fire. in Asia.

4. Magma begins to form if rocks are close to their melting temperature and the pressure from above is decreased in the process called • addition of heat. • addition of volatiles. • decompression melting. • subduction. • None of the answers are correct.

5. Magma begins to form if rocks are close to their melting temperature and the pressure from above is decreased in the process called • addition of heat. • addition of volatiles. • decompression melting. • subduction. • None of the answers are correct.

6. Which is not a sinking plate in the “Ring of Fire”? • Australian • Pacific • Philippine • Juan de Fuca • Cocos

7. Which is not a sinking plate in the “Ring of Fire”? • Australian • Pacific • Philippine • Juan de Fuca • Cocos

8. In order of increasing silica content, the three major types of magma are • Basaltic, andesitic, rhyolitic • Basaltic, rhyolitic, andesitic • Rhyolitic, basaltic, andesitic • Rhyolitic, andesitic, basaltic • Andesitic, rhyolitic, basaltic

9. In order of increasing silica content, the three major types of magma are • Basaltic, andesitic, rhyolitic • Basaltic, rhyolitic, andesitic • Rhyolitic, basaltic, andesitic • Rhyolitic, andesitic, basaltic • Andesitic, rhyolitic, basaltic

10. The figure shown is an example of a ______ eruption. • stratovolcano • lava dome • shield volcano • cinder cone • continental caldera

11. The figure shown is an example of a ______ eruption. • stratovolcano • lava dome • shield volcano • cinder cone • continental caldera

12. Crater Lake (shown in the figure) is an example of a _______. stratovolcano lava dome shield volcano cinder cone continental caldera

13. Crater Lake (shown in the figure) is an example of a _______. stratovolcano lava dome shield volcano cinder cone continental caldera

14. Tsunamis, fires, landslides, and debris flows are all examples of ________ of volcanic activity. • major effects • minor effects • primary effects • secondary effects • tertiary effects

15. Tsunamis, fires, landslides, and debris flows are all examples of ________ of volcanic activity. • major effects • minor effects • primary effects • secondary effects • tertiary effects

16. The Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum were destroyed from the _______ of Mount Vesuvius. • magma • pyroclastic flow • landslides • ash fall • lahar

17. The Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum were destroyed from the _______ of Mount Vesuvius. • magma • pyroclastic flow • landslides • ash fall • lahar

19. The figures on the previous slide show the before and after of what volcano? • Mount Unzen • Mount Mazama • Mount St. Helens • Mount Vesuvius • Mauna Loa

20. The figures show the before and after of what volcano? • Mount Unzen • Mount Mazama • Mount St. Helens • Mount Vesuvius • Mauna Loa

22. The shaded areas on the map show the _______ of the three labeled volcanoes. • lahar paths • ash fallout areas • earthquake areas • lava flows • All of the answers are correct.

23. The shaded areas on the map show the _______ of the three labeled volcanoes. • lahar paths • ash fallout areas • earthquake areas • lava flows • All of the answers are correct.

24. The “year without a summer” in New England was a result of the Tambora volcano creating what? local tsunami global tsunami global cloud of sulfuric acid droplets global earthquake global cloud of silica

25. The “year without a summer” in New England was a result of the Tambora volcano creating what? local tsunami global tsunami global cloud of sulfuric acid droplets global earthquake global cloud of silica

26. What is a natural service function that volcanoes provide? • Provide excellent growth medium for plants • Create power for nearby urban areas • Host minerals in volcanic rocks • Provide recreational activities • All are natural service functions of volcanoes.

27. What is a natural service function that volcanoes provide? • Provide excellent growth medium for plants • Create power for nearby urban areas • Host minerals in volcanic rocks • Provide recreational activities • All are natural service functions of volcanoes.

28. What type of information is NOT used in forecasting volcanic eruptions? Monitoring the atmospheric pressure Monitoring volcanic gas emissions Monitoring seismic activity Monitoring thermal, magnetic, and hydrologic conditions Monitoring the land surface for tilting or swelling of the volcano

29. What type of information is NOT used in forecasting volcanic eruptions? Monitoring the atmospheric pressure Monitoring volcanic gas emissions Monitoring seismic activity Monitoring thermal, magnetic, and hydrologic conditions Monitoring the land surface for tilting or swelling of the volcano

30. _____ and _____ are significant factors in a person’s knowledge of the hazard and possible adjustments to it. Age; level of education Age; length of residence near hazard Level of education; length of residence near hazard Level of education; amount of family in the area Age; amount of family in the area

31. _____ and _____ are significant factors in a person’s knowledge of the hazard and possible adjustments to it. Age; level of education Age; length of residence near hazard Level of education; length of residence near hazard Level of education; amount of family in the area Age; amount of family in the area

32. Lava and other volcanic materials are extruded on to the surface through a plate boundary. geyser. lava tube. volcanic vent. deep-sea trench.

33. Lava and other volcanic materials are extruded on to the surface through a plate boundary. geyser. lava tube. volcanic vent. deep-sea trench.

34. The largest type of volcanoes – common in the Hawaiian Islands, Iceland, and in the East African Rift – are _______ volcanoes. shield cinder cone lava dome stratovolcano continental caldera

35. The largest type of volcanoes – common in the Hawaiian Islands, Iceland, and in the East African Rift – are _______ volcanoes. shield cinder cone lava dome stratovolcano continental caldera

36. All of the following are direct hazards of ash fall except aircraft engine “flame out” richer farming soil contamination of surface water irritation of the respiratory system damage to buildings

37. All of the following are direct hazards of ash fall except aircraft engine “flame out” richer farming soil contamination of surface water irritation of the respiratory system damage to buildings

38. If the _______ of the Yellowstone and Long Valley eruptions were experienced today, it would devastate the U.S. economy and food production capabilities, as well as have negative impacts on global climate change. ash fall lahar landslides magma pyroclastic flow

39. If the _______ of the Yellowstone and Long Valley eruptions were experienced today, it would devastate the U.S. economy and food production capabilities, as well as have negative impacts on global climate change. ash fall lahar landslides magma pyroclastic flow

40. What method was used on the Icelandic Island of Heimaey to deflect the lava flow from the main town? Wall construction Levees Addition of volatiles Hydraulic chilling Decompression melting

41. What method was used on the Icelandic Island of Heimaey to deflect the lava flow from the main town? Wall construction Levees Addition of volatiles Hydraulic chilling Decompression melting