The AIDS Epidemic

1. The AIDS Epidemic Alex Jones & Logan Bjorkman

2. What is HIV? • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • HIV -: killer T-Cells attach themselves to invader cells and destroy them • HIV +: The disease kills the T-Cells and they are unable to fight off illnesses • Can mutate to resist drug treatment • You have “AIDS” when: • Your T-Cell count is less than 200 • You have opportunistic Infections

3. What is AIDS? • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome • Viral disease • Causes failure of the immune system • Makes body more susceptible to diseases • Can be killed by the common cold • Can not actually die of “AIDS” • Killed by a disease that you are unable to fight off because of AIDS • AIDS was the cause of death over 3.1 million people in 2004

4. How is HIV spread? • HIV is passed through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk, and any fluid with blood tissue • Sex • Through homosexual sex there is a greater chance of spreading HIV • Contact of a fluids in sex makes it a great risk • Needles • The use of unclean needles from one person to another • Intravenous drug users, tattoos, shots • Clean Needle Programs • Childbirth • A process involving many fluids leaves many infants HIV positive

5. HIV & AIDS History • AIDS may have been around since the 1940’s • Possibly acquired from the Simian Family (SIV) • HIV was discovered by two separate scientists (Dr. Robert Gallo, Dr. Luc Montagnier) in 1982 • AIDS didn’t surface on a large scale until the 1980’s

6. HIV & AIDS History • At first it was common in Gay Males and was named the Gay Related Immune Disease • It was then realized that the disease was not restricted to gay males but was also present in women and child straight and gay alike • Gaetan Dugas was believed to be “Patient 0” because he slept with over 750 different males in four years

7. AIDS in Africa • There are 25.4 million people in Africa living with AIDS/HIV • 3.1 million are newly infected with HIV/AIDS each year • There are 2.3 million people who die from the disease every year

8. AIDS in Africa • The AIDS epidemic in Africa has lower the school enrolment • Large amounts of money are being spent to prevent AIDS in Africa, but it is hard to help because it they are third world countries with little structure • The quality of care provided in hospitals is declining because of the epidemic

9. AIDS in America • There are 569,713 known cases of AIDS and HIV in America • It is believed that thousands more people have AIDS or HIV and do not know about it • People are treated differently when they're HIV+, or when people think they might be • The campaign to promote safe sex and needle use has made America one of the leading countries in the fight against AIDS

10. Prevention • The ABC approach • Abstain • Condomise • Be faithful • Clinics are passing out condoms and educating the public • Hard to teach third world countries of these safe methods • Registered prostitutes must check out to be HIV -

11. Research & Treatment • STAGE 1 : Primary HIV Infection • STAGE 2 : Clinically Asymptomatic Stage • STAGE 3 : Symptomatic HIV Infection • STAGE 4 : Progression from HIV to AIDS

12. Research & Treatment • 1985-* Blood first began to be tested in blood banks • 1986- *Us Surgeon General reports on AIDS epidemic and SEX education • 1987-*First anti-HIV drug AZT approved by the FDA & AIDS memorial quilt began • 1989-* FDA approved four more drugs • 1991-* Red Ribbon adopted as AIDS symbol of life

13. Research & Treatment • 1993- *CDC changes to include opportunic infections • 1997- *AIDS deaths drop 19% • 1998- *AIDS deaths drop 47% • 2000- *Clinton Administration formally declares HIV/AIDS a threat to U.S national security • 2002- *Realized that American public was not informed about AIDS • 2004- *AIDS and sex education in the USA focus on sexual abstinence until marriage

14. THE END 