Liliana Miranda Sara Mg. Arch . Chance2sustain EU 7 th research Framework Cities for Life Forum lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe

1. Liliana Miranda Sara Mg. Arch. Chance2sustain EU 7th research Framework Cities for Life Forum lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe www.ciudad.org.pe Resilience to Climate Change: Territory and City Governance Lima and Arequipa, Peru

2. The current story

3. The shift from Master Planning to Strategic Planning (fragmentation..) From ‘urban-scale planning’ to ‘mega project-based strategies’

4. 5 ACTION LINES • Campaign on Territorial Organization (C A21 & Sustainable Construction for all): • Participation and leadership • Consensus building, concertation & civic society participation • Events, Foras, seminars, round tables, meetings (+ 9,000 participants from 20 peruvian cities) • Masters, post graduate courses, ToT, Virtual courses and capacity building and university curricula integration (192 Msc., 542 Postgraduated & 3 Phds) • Studies and Participatory Action Research: • LiWa • chance2sustain • Political incidence (city to national level and back) • 5. Pilot projects, advisory and coaching

5. SOME RESULTS ACHIEVED SO FAR Social construction of Knowledge (actionresearch), consensusbuilding and dissemination: • 17 books, manuals and handbooks. • Web page (portal) • www.ciudad.org.pe • + 3,000 e.maillistweeklyinformed • Bi annualBulletin“CitiesforLife” • Opinion leaders in the field

6. SOME RESULTS ACHIEVED SO FAR Institutions and normsstrengthenedonCities Agenda 21 + UrbanEnvironmental + Risk Management + SustainableBuildingContributionswiththeapproval of: • 6 Laws (2 in course) • 2 Ministerial Decrees (2 in course) • + 15 Municipal Ordinancesbeingimplemented • 22 Cities Agendas 21 approved (beingimplementedunderparticipatorybudgetting)

7. WATER RELATED IMPACTS AND RISKS TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN PERU • Peru is one of the 10 most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change (IPCC) • Relocation of 2 million people: climate relocation (floods, sea level rises, loss of livelihoods). • Reduction in availability of and access to water. • Reduced hydropower generation (68% of energy source in Peru). • Availability of water dependant on rain and groundwater (causing rationing during drought). • Increased conflicts over water use. • Meanwhile the water and energy demands increases (the population of Lima increases by 120,000 annually). Based in: Environmental Ministry of Peru (MINAM)

8. Climate change impacts on water availability • Glaciers capacities represents 40% of the country’s water ‘stock’ - • In 10 years time 40% of Peru’s glaciers will be gone….we will only depend of rain… 2017 Highly Possible Scenario Source: MINAM

9. 1989: 2042 km2 glaciers 1997: 1595 km2 glaciers • Peru: • 5 % of world’s fresh water ressources • Glaciers are melting Arequipa Lima Adapted from: Ministry MVCS, Peru

10. Lima accountsfor: 8 millioninhabitants 2.1 % Growthrate 28% ….. Of nationalpopulation 45 %......GNP 56 %......National Industrial GP 84 % .....Taxcollection 52 % .....Urbanpoor (nat.) AREQUIPA 700,000 inhabitants + 2 % Growthrate Richest consume: 250 lts/per/day Poorest (notconnected): 25 lts/per/day (paying 10 times more)

11. SUSTAINABILITY AND GOVERNANCE IN TERRITORY AND CITY INTERACCIONS City quality environment (Brown) Nature inside and around the city (Green) City as part of a wider ecosystem: (Territory) New actors are needed to sustainably manage these interactions (Governance)

12. CITY WATER (RISK) GOVERNANCEBuilding Resilience Capacities City forLife + RiskGovernance + WaterPublic Management “Theintegration, in theterritory and thecity, of waterrelated riskstoclimatechangetocontributetotheirSustainability and Governance” The final purpose: How (and withwhom) todevelopanintegrated and equitable City Water (risk) Policy and GovernanceStrategy? Toclarify who (and how) decides what and where, and Whichresilientcapacitiesshouldbeenhanced in ordertobeabletoimplementit

13. MULTI LEVEL GOVERNANCE: NATIONAL LEVEL Policies, norms and regulations Social construction of Knowledge and consensus building REGIONAL LEVEL City + Territory interactions CITY LEVEL Lima, Arequipa Participatoryactionresearch

14. CITY WATER (risk) GOVERNANCE Ministry + Water Board + Regional and Municipal Platform Territory and City Concertation Water Board NGOs and private organizations Universities and Experts Liliana Miranda Sara, Foro Ciudades para la Vida - Ecociudad Civil Society Civil Society Civil Society Civil Society Organizations IDENTIFYING KEY ACTOR´S RESILIENCE CAPACITIES

15. SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF KNOWLEDGE • “Social construction” building up of knowledge capitalizing on what actors already know and have learned. • Knowledge tends to remain where (and with whom) it has been generated • The participatory action research process build up consensus and it becomes a capacity building strategy itself • Concertation as a political tool for getting concrete agreements into action

16. Thanks! Cities for Life Fora, Executive Director: • Mg. Arch. Liliana Miranda Sara • Vargas Machuca 408, San Antonio, Miraflores, Lima Perú • Teléf./fax + 51 (1) 2411488, 2425140 • Email: lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe • Web page: www.ciudad.org.pe