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Liliana Miranda Sara Mg. Arch . Chance2sustain EU 7 th research Framework Cities for Life Forum lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe

Liliana Miranda Sara Mg. Arch . Chance2sustain EU 7 th research Framework Cities for Life Forum lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe www.ciudad.org.pe. Resilience to Climate Change: City Water (risk) Governance Cases of Lima and Arequipa, Peru. Lima accounts for : 8 million inhabitants

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Liliana Miranda Sara Mg. Arch . Chance2sustain EU 7 th research Framework Cities for Life Forum lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe

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  1. Liliana Miranda Sara Mg. Arch. Chance2sustain EU 7th research Framework Cities for Life Forum lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe www.ciudad.org.pe Resilience to Climate Change: City Water (risk) Governance Cases of Lima and Arequipa, Peru

  2. Lima accountsfor: 8 million inhabitants 2.1 % Growth rate 28% ….. NationalPopulation 45 %......GNP 56 %......Industrial GP 60 %......Nat. Services 84 % .....Taxcollection 70 % .....Exportcompanies 52 % .....Urbanpoor (nat.) AREQUIPA 700,000 inhabitants Richest consume: 250 lts/per/day Poorest (notconnected): 25 lts/per/day (paying 10 times more)

  3. Climate change impacts on water availability • The current capacity of Peru’s glaciers is 43 billion m3 (2007) • This represents 40% of the country’s water ‘stock’ - 25 billion m3 • It is projected that in 10 years time 40% of Peru’s water ‘stock’ (glaciers) will be gone….we will only depend of rain… 2017 Highly Possible Scenario Source: MINAM

  4. The four river basins of Lima Chillón, Rímac, Lurín and Mantaro rivers • 2nd driest city in the world. • Peruvian tropical glaciers retreated by 22% over the past 25 years (including the Huaytapallana), which has lost the equivalent of water consumed in 10 years Lima

  5. Water related Impacts and risks to Climate Change in Peru • Peru is one of the 10 most vulnerable countries in the world (IPCC) • Relocation of 2 million people: climate relocation (floods, sea level rises, loss of livelihoods). • Reduction in availability of and access to water. • Reduced hydropower generation (68% of energy source in Peru). • Availability of water dependant on rain and groundwater (causing rationing during drought). • Increased conflicts over water use. • Meanwhile the water and energy demands increases (the population of Lima increases by 120,000 annually). Based in: Environmental Ministry of Peru (MINAM)

  6. LIMA’S TERRITORY OVERDIVISIONHousingMinistry, 4 Regional Governments, 7 Provincial Municipalities and 53 DistrictMunicipalities…..

  7. Institutional Capacity weaknes • Not enough financial resources and technology to adapt , to respond and act accordingly • Low level of knowledge and awareness about the impacts of climate change in the city, its water and everyday life • Lack of policies, instruments and strong institutions for regional and city management and governability: • No Sustainable Development Regional Plan neither City wide Development Plan nor Risk Management Plan

  8. SUSTAINABILITY AND GOVERNANCE IN THE TERRITORY AND CITY City quality environment (Brown) Nature inside and around the city (Green) City as part of a wider ecosystem: (Territory) New actors are needed to sustainably manage these interactions (Governance)

  9. Challenges: • To develop and strengthen resilience capacity of actors and networks for adaptation in Lima and Arequipa cities and territories • To build up consensus and agreements about what can be done, in collaboration and “concertation” with governments, businesses, community organizations, ngo’s, academic and media. • To strengthen territory and city water (risk) governance on adaptation to climate change of Lima and Arequipa

  10. City Water (risk) Governance Resilience to Climate Change City forLife + RiskGovernance,+ WaterPublic Management “Theintegration in theterritory and thecity of waterrelatedriskstoclimatechangetocontributetotheirSustainability and Governance” The final purpose: How (and withwhom) todevelopanintegrated and equitable City Water (risk) Policy and GovernanceStrategy? Toclarify who (and how) decides what and where, and Whichresilientcapacitiesshouldbeenhanced in ordertobeabletoimplementit

  11. MULTIPLE LEVEL OF ANALYSIS:IDENTIFYING KEY ACTOR´S RESILIENCE CAPACITIES NATIONAL LEVEL Policies, norms and strategies Social construction of Knowledge and consensus building REGIONAL LEVEL City + Territory interactions LOCAL LEVEL Participatoryactionresearch

  12. New Kinds of Risks and Organizations Responsible in Peru (based on Baud/Hordijk)

  13. CITY WATER GOVERNANCE ? + Regional + Provincial Governments Platform MVCS + SEDAPAL City Concertation Board NGOs and private organizations Universities and Experts Liliana Miranda Sara, Foro Ciudades para la Vida - Ecociudad Civil Society Civil Society Civil Society Civil Society Organizations

  14. Thanks! Cities for Life Fora, Executive Director: • Mg. Arch. Liliana Miranda Sara • Vargas Machuca 408, San Antonio, Miraflores, Lima Perú • Teléf./fax + 51 (1) 2411488, 2425140 • Email: lmiranda@ciudad.org.pe • Web page: www.ciudad.org.pe

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