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Tuesday October 9, 2007

Tuesday October 9, 2007. Agenda: review scale for short assessment on 10/10 You need: pencil, lined sheet of paper, paper from back table To do: On a piece of paper… How do biological structures, such as cells, organelles, bacteria, and viruses, compare in size with one another?

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Tuesday October 9, 2007

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  1. Tuesday October 9, 2007 • Agenda: review scale for short assessment on 10/10 • You need: pencil, lined sheet of paper, paper from back table • To do: On a piece of paper… • How do biological structures, such as cells, organelles, bacteria, and viruses, compare in size with one another? • Order these objects, and give relative sizes (e.g. bacteria is 3x as big as a cell) • Title this “Cellular Biology Notes” to be used for the rest of the unit

  2. http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/index.html

  3. From the Polar Bear Book:

  4. http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.htm

  5. A scale is a series of ascending and descending steps to assess either some relative (column 3) or absolute (column 2) property of an object. • In this case, the property being investigated is size.

  6. Scientific Notation • Number to Scientific Notation (Standard Form)a.) Move the decimal point to the right of the first nonzero digit. Count the number of places you moved the decimal point.b.) Multiply the number from step a.) times 10 raised to + or - the number of places you moved the decimal point. Use + if you moved the decimal to the left. Use - if you moved the decimal to the right. 47,800 4.78 × 1040.0000568 5.68 × 10-5 • Scientific Notation to Regular Notationa.) If the exponent on 10 is positive ("+"), move the decimal to the right the same number of places as the exponent. Add zeros as necessary.b.) If the exponents on 10 is negative("-"), move the decimal point to the left the same number of places as the exponent. Add zeros as necessary. ? ?

  7. Wednesday • Have them create their own tables, and then fill in xls in front of class • Introduce students to directly visible cells- raw eggs soaked in vinegar overnight (24-48 hours) to remove their shells. Present students with a beaker of water, a beaker of highly concentrated sugar solution (light Karo corn syrup), and a beaker of raw egg whites. Ask students to consider their observations of the onion cells in concentrated salt solution from the PowerPoint and predict how the size of the egg cells would change in each of the three beakers.

  8. Wednesday October 10, 2007 • Agenda: no HW • You need: poster • To do: quietly discuss how you will present your poster

  9. How does SALT (salinity) affect cells in organisms? • SALINITY = describes the amount of dissolved salts in water • What happens to organisms in a HIGH SALINITY situation? LOW SALINITY?

  10. The causeway separating the North and South arms

  11. This body of water is a dynamic ecosystem and is affected by the amount of rainfall received 1984 2004

  12. The Great Salt Lake Ecosystem

  13. Brainstorming • What organisms are part of the ecosystem in the Great Salt Lake? • What differences do you notice, if any, between the north and the south arm of the lake? • Which half of the lake receives fresh water? How do you think this affects the lake? • Why do you think the Great Salt Lake is a different color in the North end of the Lake?

  14. Halobacterium • Extremophiles • “Salt-loving”: thrive in high saline conditions • At low salt concentrations, water moves into the cell, causing it to expand • If difference is too great, cell will rupture • Produce a pigment, bacteriorhodopsin • Absorbs light to produce ATP • Creates a reddish purple color

  15. Static Network of the Great Salt Lake Ecosystem

  16. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  17. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  18. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  19. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  20. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  21. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  22. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  23. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  24. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  25. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  26. Effect of salinity on Halobacterium growth: Visualization Based on Experimental Data

  27. Formulate new hypotheses: What is the effect of salinity on other species in this network

  28. Formulate new hypotheses: What is the effect of salinity on other species in this network

  29. Formulate new hypotheses: What is the effect of salinity on other species in this network

  30. North arm South arm

  31. No Salt Low Salt High Salt E.Coli grown in varying salinity conditions

  32. Radish Seeds No Salt High Salt Low Salt

  33. No Salt Salt

  34. Red Onion Cell (No salt)

  35. Red Onion Cell (Low salt)

  36. Red Onion Cell (High salt)

  37. Wednesday 11/26/08 • Agenda: • Have a safe break! • You need: • Nothing • To do: Wait for instructions.

  38. “Birthday Log” • Line up in birthday order • Must be in a straight line! • The kicker? NO TALKING or WRITING! Mouthing is almost cheating… • You all must decide (without talking!) when you are finished, and we will double check to see if you are correct! • If I catch you talking more than once, you will be taken out of the game • No tattle-tailing!

  39. Monday 12/01/08 • Agenda: • No HW • You need: • Pen/pencil • Notes • To do: Sit in your new seats! • ON YOUR OWN: Answer this question in your notes: Penguins are nice fatty, meaty animals. If they are such good prey, why don’t polar bears eat them?

  40. When two compartments of different solute concentration are separated by a semipermeable membrane… Hypertonic: the compartment with higher solute concentration Hypotonic: the compartment with lower solute concentration Isotonic: the internal solute concentration equals the external solute concentration

  41. Red Onion Cell (High salt= hypertonic environment)

  42. Animal Cell (Eukaryotic)

  43. Cell Membrane • Malleable enclosure that surrounds the cytoplasm and organelles • Thin membrane that surrounds and defines the boundaries of all living cells • Hair = ~150 micrometers • Membrane = 6-10 nanometers • 1 micrometer = 1,000 nanometers • Therefore, a strand of hair is about 15,000 times thicker than the cell membrane.

  44. Consists of a double layer (bilayer) of phospholipids • Amphipathic: contain both hydrophilic (water loving) and hydrophobic (water hating) regions Hydrophilic Hydrophobic

  45. Membrane Proteins (3 kinds) • Integral proteins • Transmembrane: pass entirely through the lipid bilayer • Peripheral proteins • Located entirely outside of the bilayer (cytoplasmic or extracellular) • Bonded to surface of bilayer • Lipid-anchored • Located outside, but are linked to a lipid molecule that is within the bilayer

  46. Cell Membrane • Extremely thin (6-10 nm) • Very flexible • Why might this be important? • What functions can an animal cell perform that a plant cell cannot? (Plant cells have rigid cell walls) • Phagocytosis video

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