1 / 17

Cells

Cells. Robert Hooke. English physicist 1665 - used one of the first light microscopes to look at thin slices of plant tissues a slice of CORK Called thousands of tiny chambers “ cells ,” because they reminded him of a monastery’s tiny rooms.

kacy
Download Presentation

Cells

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cells

  2. Robert Hooke • English physicist • 1665 - used one of the first light microscopes to look at thin slices of plant tissuesa slice of CORK • Called thousands of tiny chambers “cells,” because they reminded him of a monastery’s tiny rooms. • this discovery motivated scientists to search for cells in other living things.

  3. Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Dutch businessman • One of the first people to use a simple microscope to study nature. • 1674 - observed living things in pond water and made detailed drawings of each kind of organism. • He called these organisms animalcules.

  4. The Final Three • 1838 – Mathias Schlieden found that all Plants are made of cells. • 1839 – Theodore Schwann found that Animals are also made up of cells • 1855 – Rudolf Virchow found that “Where a cell exists, there must have been a preexisting cell.…” or cells come from cells

  5. The Cell Theory • In 1855, a number of scientists put together a theory about cells… • All living things are composed of Cells. • Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. • New cells are produced from existing cells. Who were these scientists?

  6. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote • Prokaryote - have cell membranes and cytoplasm but do not contain nuclei. • Simple Cells • All bacteria are prokaryotes. • Eukaryote- Contain nuclei. Also have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and specialized organelles. • Complex Cells • All plants, animals, fungi, and many microorganisms, are eukaryotes. • Eukaryote cells are much larger than prokaryote cells

  7. So Where did these Eukaryotes come from? • Mitochondria and Chloroplasts contain their own DNA genetic information separate from the cells DNA. • So, Scientists have done research and come up with a Theory… • The ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY Let’s take a look at this evolution…

  8. The Endosymbiotic Theory • The first eukaryotes may have formed from one bacteria engulfing another without killing it. • Later a symbiotic relationship was formed

  9. Stop and Think… • Are plant and animal cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic? • How does the meaning of prokaryotic or eukaryotic help you answer this question? • Give one or two examples that help you answer this question.

  10. Plant Cells • Cell wall located outside the cell membrane. Cell wall is made from cellulose fibers, and it is used for support & protection • Contains one large vacuole that contains water. Vacuole full = plant is rigid. Vacuole loses water = plant wilts • Chloroplasts = contain chlorophyll, which captures sunlight & converts it into energy

  11. Plant Cell Build a plant cell

  12. Animal Cells • Have no cell wall • NO chlorophyll • CANNOT make their own food

  13. So Plant and Animal Cells are… • Both eukaryotic cells- Both have nucleuses, organelles, cell membranes, cytoplasm

  14. Plant and animal cell differences Plant Cells Cell wall Chloroplasts Large central vacuole No centrioles Animal Cells • Have centrioles • No cell wall • No chloroplasts • No large central vacuole Construct a cell

  15. Levels of Organization • Cells- the basic unit of life • Tissues- a group of similar cells that perform a particular function • Organs- many groups of tissues work together • Organ Systems- A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function • Organism- An entire living being made up of organ systems

  16. Using the following terms, place the levels of organization in the correct order of the chart. -Stomach - Digestive System -Smooth muscle tissue -Muscle Cell Test your Knowledge… ? ? ? ?

More Related