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Home Affairs

Home Affairs. Immigration and Asylum Police - law and order Relationship to Secret Services War on Terror. Home Office. One of the great Offices of State Home Secretary advises monarch on the exercise of Royal Prerogative of Mercy

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Home Affairs

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  1. Home Affairs Immigration and Asylum Police - law and order Relationship to Secret Services War on Terror

  2. Home Office • One of the great Offices of State • Home Secretary advises monarch on the exercise of Royal Prerogative of Mercy • Responsible for race relations, elections, immigration & asylum, criminal justice and anti terrorism • Under its authority are MI5, GCHQ and CRB

  3. Migrants - a definition • Economic Migrants Seek better prospects and a higher standard of living. These are pull factors behind immigration.

  4. Asylum - a definition • Asylum Person fleeing persecution in the country of their origin. If they stay it may mean death or imprisonment. They could be fleeing for political, religious reasons or to escape famine, flood or war. The latter tend to return once it’s over.

  5. Immigration hysteria • Pre- 1st WW hysteria over Jews coming from Russia and Eastern Europe - led to Aliens Act (1905) • 1960s/70s row over immigrants from Commonwealth countries • Today issue is confused with more specific issue of asylum and ‘bogus’ asylum seekers • Also linked with terror threat

  6. Enoch Powell • 20th April 1968 - “Rivers of Blood” speech • The speech warned that if immigration was allowed to go unchecked, then it could lead to violence on the streets of Britain. • Powell encouraged ethnic minorities to take up employment, which upset the TU’s who saw “them as taking their jobs”

  7. ‘Rivers of Blood”

  8. “Rivers of Blood Part 2”

  9. The curb on entry • Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1962 • A second act introduced in 1968 to tighten up 1962 Act • Immigration Act 1971 • Nationality Act 1981

  10. Immigration Process • EU nationals not subject to significant control • Specified countries require a visa to work here, while others need clearance • Point system

  11. Why the UK? • Immigration has been permitted by the government • Encouraged to fill job roles • Poorer immigrant often take low-paid casual jobs • Some ‘bogus’ asylum seekers see UK as a ‘soft touch’

  12. Allegiance and identity • Prejudice has discouraged many ethnic people to embrace Britain • 56% have been subject to name calling while 30% have been denied jobs because of their ethnicity • British born still face prejudice

  13. Multi-cultural Britain • Ethnic minorities contributed largely to economy • Enriched culture - arts, media, fashion, cuisine, language • In some areas though segregation is rife • Feel English values and Christian values are “being sacrificed on the altar of political correctness”

  14. War on Terror • Attack on World Trade Centre was followed by “War on Terror” • London bombings drove a wedge in • Revenge attacks on Muslims and against their mosques

  15. Police - law and order • Police enforce criminal law and prevent disorder • At local level councillors sit on the Police Authority - Chief Constables answerable to Home Secretary • However, Home Sec is not answerable for a police force’s conduct

  16. HO deals with treatment of offenders Attorney-General and Solicitor-General are legal advisers to Govt AG enforces criminal law and supervises the Director of Public Prosecutions, who runs the Crown Prosecution Service Introduces new Bills required to change criminal law Executive agencies manage probation and prison service Criminal Justice system

  17. Responsible for protecting country against covert threats to national security Support the police and other law enforcement agencies Provide security to other organisations Operates under statutory authority of Home Sec. Budget comes from Single Intelligence Account MI5 investigates, acts, advises and assists Joint Intelligence Committee Security Service - MI5

  18. MI5 structure

  19. Secret Services - GCHQ • Government organisation • Monitors communications intelligence relevant to UK • Interception of radar signals is carried out by CSO - part of GCHQ

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