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SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

SENSATION AND PERCEPTION. SENSATION AND PERCEPTION. Sensation: the stimulation of sense organs---absorption of energy (light/sound waves) Perception: selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input---organizing and translating absorbed energy.

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SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

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  1. SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

  2. SENSATION AND PERCEPTION • Sensation: the stimulation of sense organs---absorption of energy (light/sound waves) • Perception: selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input---organizing and translating absorbed energy

  3. PSYCHOPHYSICS: BASIC CONCEPTS AND ISSUES • Def: study of how physical stimuli are translated into psychological experience • Gustav Fechner: published idea in 1860; laid the groundwork for Wundt

  4. THRESHOLDS: LOOKING FOR LIMITS • Def: a dividing pt. btwn energy levels that do and do not have a detectable affect • What is the weakest detectable stimulus for any given sense?

  5. ABSOLUTE THRESHOLD • Def: the minimum amount of stimulation that an organism can detect • Define boundaries of sensory capabilities • Not really absolute

  6. JUST NOTICEABLE DIFFERENCE • Def: the smallest difference in the amount of stimulation that a specific sense can detect • Greater for heavier objects • Weber’s Law: the size of a JND is a constant proportion (Weber’s fraction) of the size of the initial stimulus

  7. PSYCHOPHYSICAL SCALING • Fechner’s Law: the magnitude of a sensory experience is proportional to the # of JNDs that the stimulus causing the experience is above absolute threshold

  8. SIGNAL DETECTION THEORY • The detection of stimuli involves decision processes, which are both influenced by a variety of factors besides stimulus intensity • Hits, misses, false alarms, correct rejections • Depend on criterion and “noise”

  9. PERCEPTION WITHOUT AWARENESS • Subliminal Perception: registration of sensory input w/o conscious awareness • James Vicary • Produces weak effects

  10. SENSORY ADAPTATION • Def: a gradual decline in sensitivity to prolonged stimulation • Automatic • Tunes in to changes, not constants

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