First things first…

4. First things first… About me • @Cherry希希嘻嘻 • QQ:8676937 • http://sfs.scnu.edu.cn/tblogs/chenxy/

5. About the course • Evaluation: • Attendance, classroom participation & presentation: 20% • Assignments (dictation, translation & writing): 30% • Final exam: 50% • Text coverage: Unit 1-3, 5-9 • Learning strategies: • Vocabulary: read intensively and extensively, take notes, sentence-making • Listening and speaking: listen, dictate, and retell • Writing: write regularly and peer review • Practice what you’ve leant • Find your own way and stick to it

6. A European snapshot • Latvia • Stockholm, Sweden • Copenhagen, Denmark • Oslo, Norway • Barcelona & Madrid (Spain)

7. Unit 1 This Year It’s Going to Be Different

8. All about the Chinese New Year • the Chinese New Year, the Spring Festival, the Lunar New Year • do some special shopping/purchases for the festival • do house cleaning • couplets, paper-cuts, New Year paintings • fireworks, firecrackers: to scare off evil spirits or ghosts with the loud pop • family reunion dinner, offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors, propose a toast, dumplings/jiaozi, stay up

9. pay New Year’s visit/call • red packets, gift/lucky money • lion dance: to drive away evil and bring good luck • dragon dance: to expect good weather and good harvest • taboo: no floor sweeping on the first day, no medicine taking • the Lantern Festival: the first full moon in a lunar year • Lantern Festive dumplings, sweet rice balls • riddles written on lanterns

10. What are New Year’s resolutions? • When a person makes New Year’s resolutions, he makes up his mind to do or not to do certain things in the coming year. • Of course, different people make different New Year’s resolutions. For example, a student may decide to work harder at his studies and not go to the cinema so often; a teacher may decide to improve his teaching; a heavy smoker may decide to stop smoking altogether. • Some people may be able to carry out their New Year’s resolutions, but some may not. For most people, it’s often easier to make New Year’s resolutions than to carry them out.

11. Top 10New Year's Resolutions in America 1. Spend More Time with Family & Friends More than 50% of Americans vow to appreciate loved ones and spend more time with family and friends this year. 2. Fit in Fitness Regular exercise has been associated with more health benefits than anything else known to man. Exercise keeps you healthy and makes you look and feel better.

12. 3. Tame the Bulge(凸出部分) 55% of adults in America are overweight, so it is not surprising to find that weight loss is one of the most popular New Year's resolutions. 4. Quit Smoking On average, smokers try about four times before they quit for good. Start enjoying the rest of your smoke-free life!

13. 5. Enjoy Life More Given the hectic (繁忙的), stressful lifestyles of millions of Americans, it is no wonder that "enjoying life more" has become a popular resolution in recent years. 6. Quit Drinking While many people use the New Year as an incentive to finally stop drinking, most are not equipped to make such a drastic lifestyle change all at once.

14. 7. Get Out of Debt Millions of Americans have resolved to spend the new year getting a handle on their finances, since money is a big source of stress in their life. 8. Learn Something New You'll find education to be one of the easiest, most motivating New Year's resolutions to keep. Challenge your mind in the coming year, and your horizons will expand.

15. 9. Help Others As a popular, non-selfish New Year's resolution, volunteerism can take many forms. 10. Get Organized Lots of people want to get started on the way to a more organized life, e.g. a home organized enough that you can invite someone over on a whim(一时的兴致)…

16. Your New Year’s resolutions! • study plan • hobbies and interests • personality • interpersonal relationships • Others Make a list of five resolutions for the year 2013, and compare them with your partner’s.

17. Skimming and summarizing In 30 minutes, Task 1: Read the text, number the paragraphs, and underline the key words or sentences in each paragraph. At the same time, highlight the new words and expressions for later treatment. Task 2: Make the choice on Page 4 to summarize the text in one sentence. Task 3: Skim the text again, discuss with your partner on how to divide the text into several parts, and sum up the main idea of each part based on the underlined words and sentences.

18. Structure analysis Part 1 (Para 1): I was determined to improve myself in the new year and made a list of New Year’s resolutions. Part 2 (Para 2-21): I tried very hard to carry out my resolutions, only to find that all my family members were shocked or annoyed. Part 3 (Para 22-38): After realizing that my resolutions were not working out, I had a talk with my families and came back to the person they were familiar with.

19. Reading and understanding In 20 minutes, Task 1: Read the text for the third time, try to guess the meanings of new words and expressions in text, and do exercises on Page 5 and 9. You may rely on the contextof the words, or, if still in a puzzle, turn to an English-Englishdictionary. Task 2: Make a list of Will Stanton’s resolutions, and the responses of his families.

20. Resolutions Responses 1. Be spontaneous in showing affection 2.A sincere compliment is worth its weight in gold. 3. Always encourage your child’s curiosity. 4. Meet your child at his own level. 5.Show an interest in your children’s friends. 6. Encourage creativity in the young. 7.The most trivial chore can prove rewarding if approached with zest. 8.Take over one of your wife’s chores, she’ll love you for it. ‘Don’t ever sneak up on me like that again!’ ‘It wasn’t my idea to stay out until four a.m.’ ‘Roy sure is smart.’ ‘It isn’t either happy.’ ‘What’s that? Yes, of course you can speak to Kit. ‘…the boys whittling on my best salad spoon. ‘Do you have to be so sarcastic?’ ‘Oh, no! Can’t you just sit and watch a football game?

21. Language points 1. resolution n. (1) (c.) sth. one makes up his mind to do; determination 决心要做的事，决心 make/form/come to a resolution/resolutions e.g. • Do you make a lot of ~s for the new year? • People make many ~s before the new year, but it turns out that they seldom really do them. (2) (unc.) quality of being resolute 果断，坚决 do sth. with resolution e.g. • You must behave with ~. • He is a man of great ~.

22. (3) (c.) sth. that is resolved/decided 决议，提案 e.g. • The committee has passed a ~ to build a new library. • The ~ that women should be allowed to join the society has been carried out. (4) (unc.) solution 解决 e.g. the ~ of a problem/a difficult matter/difficulties (5) (unc.) 分解 e.g. The ~ of a chemical mixture into simple substances can occur when the temperature changes.

23. resolve v. (1) decide, determine 决心，决定 resolve to do sth. e.g. What do you ~ to do this term? resolve not to do sth. e.g. He ~d not to see her again. resolve on/upon/against doing sth. e.g. He ~d on making an early start. resolve that sb./sth. (should) do e.g. • He ~d that nothing (should) hold him back. • She ~d that good marks (should) be got.

24. be resolved to do sth. e.g. • She was ~d to do well in the exam. • What are you ~d to do? translate: 我决心改掉总是迟到的坏毛病。

25. (2) pass a solution 通过决议，决议 resolve sth. e.g. They ~d a resolution (agreement, treaty …). resolve that sb./sth. (should) do e.g. Parliament has ~d that a new school (should) be built. resolve on/against doing sth.同意/反对做 e.g. The committee ~d on/against appointing a new secretary.

26. (3) solve 解决，消除 e.g. ~ doubts/a problem/a difficult matter/difficulties/a conflict (4) break up, separate into parts 分解， 分开 resolve A into B e.g. • Water can be ~d into hydrogen and oxygen. • My resentment ~d itself into good appetite.

27. resolute adj. firm, determined 坚决的，刚毅的 be resolute for … e.g. • We are ~ for peace. • The committee was ~ for the appointment of a new secretary. resolutely adv.

28. 2. be blessed with…: be lucky and enjoy 幸运地享有 bless sb. with … sb. be blessed with … e.g. • The social security system ~es us with a happy life. • Nature ~es him with great talents. • My grandmother who is 96 this year is ~ed with good health. related expressions: • Bless you, my boy. • Bless the Lord./God be blessed! 感谢主。 • Heaven bless this house.

29. 3. tiptoe (1) v. to walk on tiptoe(s) e.g. The baby was sleeping. She ~d to the bedsides of the sleeping child. (2) n. on tiptoe(s) 踮着脚尖；迫切期待，翘足盼望 e.g. • If we walk on ~(s), no one will hear us. • He stood on ~(s) to reach the shelf. • The children were on ~ (s) before the birthday party. sentence making: fans, the Twilight Saga, launch, China (3) adv. e.g. Even if I stood ~, I can’t see over your head.

30. 4. spontaneous adj. done or happening from natural impulse, not caused or suggested by sth. or sb. outside 自然产生的，自发的，自然的 e.g. • a ~ expression of admiration • ~ recovery from a disease • He made a ~ offer of help. be spontaneous in doing…自愿做某事 e.g. She is ~ in donating all her wealth to the foundation. spontaneously adv. spontaneity n.

31. 5. sneak (1) vt. to move, give, take, or put in a quiet, stealthy manner 偷偷地，诡秘地行动（给予、拿走或放上等） e.g. • ~ a look at the grade/salary sheet • ~ an antique watch from the shop (2) vi. to go or move in a quiet, stealthy way 安静，偷偷地前进或行动 e.g. ~ into a theater sneak away/off/out溜掉, 悄悄离开 sneak in/out渐显/渐隐 cf. fade in/out

32. sneak/creep up on偷偷接近 e.g. • My mother’s hair was turning grey as age ~ed up on her. • The girls were so absorbed in playing hide-and-seek that they didn’t notice danger ~ing up on them. (3) adj. • a ~ attack/raid 偷袭 • a ~ thief 顺手牵羊的小偷 • a ~ landing 偷渡(登陆) (4) n. thief, one who behaves in the sneak way e.g. Don’t trust that ~!

33. 6. compliment (1) n. expression of admiration, approval etc., either in words or by action; praise 恭维，表示敬意、赞扬的话 pay sb. a compliment/compliments on sth. 说某人的恭维话 e.g. • The man paid his wife a ~ on her cook. • He paid the boy a ~ on his handwriting. receive compliments on sb./sth. e.g. • She received many ~s on her manager. • He received ~s on his talents. (2) n. (always pl.) greetings, regards 问候，致意 e.g. • Extend/Give my ~s to your mother. • Give him my ~s. • With the ~s of the season.

34. (3) n. a small gift 赠品 e.g. A free sample is enclosed with the ~s of the manufacturer. (4) vt.compliment sb. on sth. e.g. • She ~ed him on his skill. • He ~ed my mother on the way she had trained the children. • The man ~ed his wife on her cook. complimentary adj. (1) expressing admiration, praise, etc. 恭维的，表示钦佩的 e.g. • I hate ~ words/remarks/terms. • The Spring Festival gala show received ~ reviews nationwide. (2) given free out of courtesy or kindness 赠送的 e.g. ~ books/tickets/copies

35. 7. worth (1) adj. having a certain value相当于……的价值，值得……（只能做表语） sth. is worth sth. (a price, etc.) e.g. • This mobile phone is ~ 2000 Yuan. • A bird in the hand is ~ two in the bush. 一鸟在手，胜过二鸟在林。 sth. is worth doing （形式主动，意义被动） e.g. • New York, the Big Apple, is definitely ~ visiting. • This book is ~ reading. (2) n. value e.g. • Experience is of great ~. • The teachers all received five thousand Yuan’s ~ of oranges.

36. worthy adj. (1) adj. deserving, having great value 值得的，应该的 （可做表语和定语） a) as attribute 作为定语 e.g. • a ~ champion/opponent/trip • There is nothing ~ of mention. b) as predicative 作为表语 sth. is worthy of sth./being done e.g. • His act is ~ of severe punishment • Their suffering is ~ of great support. • This book is ~ of being read. （被动）(cf. This book is worth reading.) • This phenomenon is ~ of being studied.

37. sth. be worthy to be done（被动） e.g. • This book is ~ to be read. The film is worthy to be seen again. • The question is not ~ to be discussed again and again. sb. be worthy to do • To be honest, she is ~ to be my wife. • He said he was not ~ to accept such honour. (2) n. (c.) distinguished person of a nation or a time (一国或一个时代的) 杰出人士, 大人物 e.g. • an Elizabethan worthy • Who are the worthies on the platform？

38. worthwhile adj.可做定语，表语和宾补 (1) as attribute 作为定语 （此时worthwhile ＝worthy） • Helping old people is a ~ activity. • Thank you for your ~ suggestion. (2) as predicative 作为表语 It is worthwhile to do e.g. • It is ~ to read the book. • It is ~ to ask him to join the club. sth. is worthwhile doing (此时worthwhile ＝ worth，形式主动，意义被动) e.g. The Summer Palace is ~ (worth) going. (3) as object complement 作为宾补 make sth. worthwhile e.g. This photo of wild tiger makes our five-thousand trip and nine-day observation on the spot fully ~.

39. worth while: used with anticipatory “it” 当It作形式主语时，worth后面一般应加上while，后面接动名词或动词不定式。真正的主语为动名词或动词不定式。接动名词或动词不定式的区别是： （1）当while前面有所有格时，一般接动词不定式 It is worth one's while to do sth. e.g. It is worth our while to use waste materials. （2）没有所有格时，一般接动名词 It is worth while doing e.g. It is worth while pointing out that heating may bring about certain change in the structure of any material.

40. Multiple choice: 1. The Yellow Stone Park is well ____ A. worth visiting B. worthy visiting C.worth to visitD.worth visiting it 2. The book is worthy of ____ A. reading B. read  C. having readD. being read 3. Handle that flower vase carefully; it ____ a lot of money. A. worthsB. is worth C. worthedD. is worthy of 4. It is not ____ discussing the question again and again. A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while 5. The second-hand house is ____ being bought. A. worth B. worthy of C. worthwhile D. worth while 6. They promised to make it ____ if she would take part. A. worthy B. worth while C. worthwhile D. worth her while 7. I really feel I am doing something ____ and I am having a great time doing it. A. worth while B. worth C. worthwhile D. worth my while Key: A, D, B, D, B, C, C

41. 8. How come…? Note: unlike the why-question, this pattern does not require the change of word order. sentence making: • Why did you skip classes last week? • Why didn’t you join the students’ union? • Why did they lock their cars in the garage and walked to their offices?

42. 9. swarm (1) n. a large number of insects or other small organisms, especially when in motion 行进中的一大群昆虫或其它细小生物 a swarm of一群, 一堆 e.g. a ~ of bees/friends/stars (2) vi. to move or gather in large numbers 群集或成群出动 swarm into (some place)蜂拥而入 e.g. • People ~ed into the IMAX cinema for Avantar. • After colliding with the iceberg, all the passengers and sailors ~ed into the ship's deck.

43. sb./sth. swarm about/around sb.围着某人转 e.g. When we walked to the depths of the rainforest, we found hundreds of mosquitoes ~ing about us. (3) vi. to be filled with a crowd (some place) swarm with sb./sth.充满着, 拥挤着 e.g. The beach is ~ing with bathers. translate: 蜜蜂在花园里成群地飞来飞去。

44. 10. apologetically apologize to sb. for sth. make/offer an apology to sb. for sth. feel apologetically to sb. for sth. an apology for sth.不像样的代替品 e.g. It's a sad/poor ~ for a dumpling.

45. 11. suggest that … (should) do (should +) bare infinitive other verbs in such a pattern: ask, beg, think, advise, insist, propose, recommend, urge, agree, direct, command, instruct, order, request, require, stipulate, warn e.g. The CEO insisted that the company not raise its prices.

46. Rewrite the following sentences with the words in brackets: • The expert said, “There will need to be a redevelopment of the railway station.” (recommend) • The department head said, “The project will have to be allocated public funds. Probably $10 million.” (suggest) • His fans wrote, “Please don’t give up singing.” (beg) • The teachers said, “The students have the right to be informed immediately.” (urge) • The public said, “We want a committee to be set up to monitor budget implementation.” (demand)

47. 12. rapport n. close agreement and understanding, relationship of mutual trust be in rapport with sb. 关系和谐 e.g. • This leader was always in ~ with his people because of his openness, sincerity and high sense of responsibility. • Our state leaders often visit various countries of the world in order to develop/establish some kind of ~ with them.

48. 13. throw (up) in the sponge admit defeat or failure and give up e.g. • I threw (up) in the sponge because I can’t do it. • After I had tried three times, I threw in the sponge.

49. 14. I was about two-thirds done ‘Two-thirds’ serves as an adverbial modifying ‘done’. e.g. • His new novel is about two-fifths thicker than his previous one. • At the end of last year the construction project was already four-fifths finished.

50. 15. swear, swore, sworn, v. (1) say solemnly or emphatically 郑重地说，发誓 swear to do sth. e.g. • He swore to be faithful to his master. • She swore not to be late. swear sth. e.g. • He swore an oath of loyalty. • He swore eternal love to his wife. swear that … e.g. • He swore that his story was true. • He swore that he would not run into debt again. • He swore to his master that he had not taken the money.