By Ime’Unique Johnson Lorinda Mazada && James Mcarthy

1. The Nervous System By Ime’Unique Johnson Lorinda Mazada && James Mcarthy

2. Intro . • The nervous system is made up of your brain, your spinal cord, and an enormous network of nerves that thread throughout your body. It's the control center for your entire body. Your brain uses information it receives from your nerves to coordinate all of your actions and reactions. Without it, you couldn't exist!

3. Neurons . • Neurons are specialized impulse conducting cells throughout the nervous system and are also the basic units of the nervous system. There are three groups within a neuron: a cell body, dendrites, and an axon.

4. Neurons Continued . . . • There are three different types of neurons: sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. Sensory neurons are in charge of carrying impulses from the body to the spinal cord and brain while interneurons, which are found in the spinal cord and the brain, receive incoming impulses and send pass response impulses on to the motor neurons. Motor neurons send the response impulses away from the brain and spinal cord to a muscle or gland.

5. The Central Nervous System. • The central nervous system is one of the main systems that make up the nervous system. The brain and the spinal cord together make up the central nervous system, which coordinates all your body’s activities.

6. Peripheral Nervous System. • Another division of the nervous system, known as the peripheral nervous system, is made up of all the nerves that carry messages to and from the central nervous system, somewhat like a communication system. The peripheral nervous system is also made of two sub divisions: the somatic and the autonomic nervous system.

7. The Somatic Nervous System. • The somatic nervous system is made up of 12 pairs of cranial nerves from the brain, 31 pairs of spinal cord, and all their branches. The somatic nervous system also consists of peripheral nerve fibers that send sensory information to the central nervous system and motor nerve fibers that project to skeletal muscle.

8. The Autonomic Nervous System. • The autonomic nervous system carries impulses from the CNS to the internal organs. These impulses produce responses that are aren’t under conscious control.

9. The Sympathetic Nervous System. • The sympathetic nervous system controls your internal functions during the time of stress or agony. When something alerts you, the SNS causes the release of hormones that results in the “fight-or-flight” response.

10. The Parasympathetic Nervous System. • Unlike the ANS and the SNS, the parasympathetic nervous system controls many of the body’s internal functions when its at rest. This system intervenes when your body is completely relaxed.

11. Endocrine System . • There is another system that works with the brain and nerves to keep the body in order. This is the endocrine or hormone system. It controls the rate we grow, our feelings of hunger, our body temperature, and more. Glands are organs that run the endocrine system. The pituitary gland, the pancreas, ovaries (only in females) or testes (only in males), the thyroid gland, the parathyroid gland, and the adrenal glands are organs that run the endocrine system.

12. fUn F@cts ! • The pituitary gland is about the size of a pea. It hangs down from the base of your brain. It is the most important endocrine gland in your body . • You grow faster at night because more hormone is released into your blood when you are asleep. • There are more nerve cells in the human brain than there are stars in the Milky Way • As we get older, the brain loses almost one gram per year.The left side of human brain controls the right side of the body and the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body.

13. Bibliography. • Olekay,Walter. The Nervous System. NY: Rosen Publishing Group, Inc, 2001 • Silverstien,Alvin. The Nervous System: Twenty First Century Books, 1995. • Biggs, Alton. Biology. OH: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc, 2005. • R,Darlene. The Nervous System: Scholastic Library Press, 1998.