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Impression Management You never get a second chance to make a first impression . . .

Impression Management You never get a second chance to make a first impression . . . Nonverbal Communication. Definition: The way in which people communicate, intentionally or unintentionally , without words Types of nonverbal communication:

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Impression Management You never get a second chance to make a first impression . . .

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  1. Impression Management You never get a second chance to make a first impression . . .

  2. Nonverbal Communication • Definition: • The way in which people communicate, intentionally orunintentionally, without words • Types of nonverbal communication: • facial expressions, tones of voice, gestures, body position and movement, touch, and eye gaze

  3. Expressemotion Convey attitudes Communicate personality traits Facilitate, or modify verbal communication Repeat, or compliment the spoken language Contradict verbal communication Substitute for the verbal message Uses of Nonverbal Communication

  4. Facial Expressions

  5. What are these babies experiencing? Happiness Sadness Fear Anger Disgust Surprise

  6. Smile Detection • http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/mind/surveys/smiles/index.shtml

  7. Women are better encoders and decoders of nonverbal cues. Why?

  8. B. Smiling While Watching Hockey Nonverbal Behavior(Kraut & Johnson, 1979) A. Smiling While Bowling Percent of Time Smiling

  9. Facial Displays are Socially MotivatedFridlund (1991) • Participants viewed funny film under 1 of 4 conditions • Alone • Friend in other room doing another task • Friend in other room watching same film • Friend in room with you • Measures: Smiling (EMG) and self-reported happiness • What was found??

  10. It is relatively easy to control facial expressions so we look to other nonverbal cues to provide additional information: • Eye contact • Body movements • Posture (and gait) • Touching (and interpersonal distance)

  11. Nonverbal “Leakage” • Definition: the unintentional transmission of information through nonverbal channels of communication. • Might occur because • don’t think to control nonverbals • aren’t able to control nonverbals • try too hard to control • Voice leaks more easily • Women pick up on “leaks” more than men

  12. Lie Detection

  13. Two Truths and a Lie

  14. Individual Differences in Lie Detection (Aamodt & Mitchell, 2004)

  15. Deceptive Behaviors (DePaulo et al, Psychological Bulletin, 2003) • 120 studies / 158 behaviors • 4992 participants • 25% non–U.S.

  16. DePaulo 2003 • Liars: • Make a more negative impression and are more tense • Less forthcoming than truth tellers • Tell less compelling tales • Made statements that were not as plausible, logical, or consistent with other statements • Provided fewer details in their statements • Their stories include fewer ordinary imperfections and unusual contents. • Were less likely to admit a lack of memory • Made fewer spontaneous corrections

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