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The Revolutionary War: Population and Military Comparison

Explore the contrasting populations and military strengths of the United States and Britain during the Revolutionary War, including loyalists, patriots, armies, navies, leaders, advantages, and disadvantages. Learn about the diverse forces at play and the strategic advantages and limitations faced by both sides.

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The Revolutionary War: Population and Military Comparison

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  1. The Revolutionary War: Compare and Contrast

  2. Population United States Britain 8 million 1/3 of Americans remained loyal to Britain (Loyalists) • 2.5 million • Only 1/3 of the Americans supported the Revolution (Patriots)

  3. Armies United States Britain British Army- 50,000 regulars, never at one place or time 30,000 Hessians from German states Loyalists: about 50,000 African-Americans: some slaves, in return for freedom • Continental Army – never more than 18,500; often less • Militia- 230,000 but never in one place at one time • French Army- after 1778, 8,000 • African-Americans- about 5,000 • Native Americans- 2 Iroquois tribes • Women- carrying water, washing, supplies, etc.

  4. Navies United States Britain British: by 1781, about 460 ships • American: 13 frigates; 40 merchantmen; more than 2,000 privateers • French and Spanish: by 1781, about 350 ships

  5. Military Leaders United States Britain General William Howe General Henry Clinton General Charles Cornwallis General John Burgoyne • General George Washington • Benedict Arnold • Horatio Gates • Nathanael Greene • Henry Knox • Charles Lee

  6. Advantages United States Britain Military power Superior numbers Indian support Loyalist co-operation More money Bright red uniforms • Outstanding Leadership • Strong motivation • Fighting on home ground • Experienced officers • American rifle • sharpshooters

  7. Disadvantages United States Britain Weak motivation Unaggressive officers 3,000 miles from home Easy targets European aid to Americans • Inexperienced Army and militia • Short enlistments • Brand new navy • Constant shortages • Bankrupt • Loyalist warfare

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