Air Traffic Organization Operation Planning Services

1. Atlantic Interoperability Initiative to Reduce Emissions (AIRE)2010 WorkshopBrussels, BelgiumDecember 7-8, 2010 Air Traffic OrganizationOperation Planning Services

2. Agenda • FAA AIRE Initiatives • Oceanic Optimization Trials • Gate to Gate • Surface Optimization • Continuous Descent Operations (CDO) • Optimized Profile Descent (OPD) • Tailored Arrivals (TA)

3. Continuous Descent Operations (CDO) • CDO • An operation, enabled by airspace design, procedure design and ATC facilitation, in which an arriving aircraft descends continuously, to the greatest possible extent, by employing minimum engine thrust, ideally in a low drag configuration, prior to the final approach fix /final approach point (ICAO Doc 9931) • Optimized profile descent (OPD) • OPD is one method of facilitating CDO. The OPD is a descent profile normally associated with a published arrival (STAR) and designed to allow maximum practical use of a CDO. It starts from top of descent, taking into consideration the limitations of local airport, airspace, environmental, traffic, aircraft capabilities, and ATC. • Tailored Arrival (TA) • Tailored Arrivals (TAs) are fuel efficient, environmentally friendly arrival clearances delivered to the aircraft via data link

4. FAA OPD Initiatives • Los Angeles Airport (LAX) • The first published, publicly-available OPD procedure in the United States, the River One STAR, was implemented at Los Angeles Airport (LAX) in 2007 • Data analyzed for mixed-fleet arrival operations each year indicate that we achieve average fuel savings of 25 gallons per flight and reduce the average level-flight time during approaches by 26 percent for approximately 300-400 daily LAX OPD arrivals • With approximately 545,000 operations in 2009, LAX is the fifth busiest airport in the NAS • An estimated 40% to 50% of the approaches into LAX are now OPDs

5. FAA OPD Initiatives • Miami (MIA) and Atlanta (ATL) International Airports • Twenty OPDs were completed in May 2008 at Miami and Atlanta International Airports • Computed fuel savings averaged 48-52 gals/flight, with a corresponding per-flight reduction of 1050-1090 lbs CO2 • Later the same year, 2008, OPD procedures saved 40-60 gallons of fuel and avoided more than 800 pounds of carbon emissions per flight in 600 night-time OPD arrivals into ATL • Honolulu (HNL) and Anchorage (ANC) International Airports • HNL OPD projected fuel savings 4.3 million gallons/yr ;84 million lbs/CO2/yr • ANC OPD projected 4.2 million gallons/yr fuel savings; 83 million lbs CO2/yr

6. FAA OPD Initiatives • Charleston International Airport (CHS)/Charleston Air Force Base • In 2008, the Department of Defense (DOD) and the FAA initiated a joint initiative to evaluate the use of OPD arrivals for the Air Force C-17 transports at CHS • An RNAV Implementation Working Group was established in accordance with FAA Order 7100.9D, Guidelines for Implementing Terminal RNAV Procedures, commonly known as the “18-Step Process” • Eight (draft) RNAV STARS developed, six with OPD vertical profiles • Delta Airlines is commercial lead operator for these procedures. US Airlines and Southwest Airlines have joined the CHS RNAV Implementation WG • Publish date for public use CHS OPD procedures is scheduled for August 2011

7. Tailored Arrivals (TA) - History • The first TAs are designated Tailored Arrivals (TA) • The TA is a pre-planned, fixed routes received via data link from ATC’s Ocean21 system to Future Air Navigation Systems (FANS-1/A) equipped aircraft • Ocean21 is the only automated ATC system in the United States capable of data link; therefore, TA clearances can only be issued from New York Center (ZNY), Oakland Center (ZOA), or Anchorage Center (ZAN) where Ocean21 is operational • TA clearances are only issued upon pilot request • FAA TA development began during flight trials conducted at San Francisco (SFO), Los Angeles (LAX), Miami (MIA)

8. Tailored Arrivals (TA) • TA consists of three elements • TA clearances issued by ATC through the Ocean21 system via data link to FANS 1/A equipped aircraft • A TA consists of a lateral, vertical and speed profile, and connection to a published instrument approach from the aircraft's navigation database. • Pilots fly the TA according to the operator’s standard operating procedures (SOP)

9. Tailored Arrivals (TA) Results • Overall Statistics, All Trial Sites: • 1469 Full Tailored Arrivals • 3411 Partial Tailored Arrivals • SFO: (from start in Dec 2007 to Aug 2010) • 33% (1203) of flights requesting have gotten full TAs • 67% (2407) of flights requesting have gotten partial TAs • MIA: (from start in June 2009 to October 2010) • 17% (24) of clearances request result in full TAs • 83% (117) of clearances request result in partial TAs • LAX: (from start in Nov 2009 to November 2010) • 22% (242) of clearances sent receive full TAs • 78% (877) of clearances sent receive partial TAs

10. Planned FAA 2011 AIRE Initiatives • Main objectives • Build on AIRE achievements in prior years • Highlight interoperability • Focus on the following domains • Enroute/Oceanic Optimization • Surface Management • Arrival Optimization • Expand Scope • Additional carriers and operators • Airframe types • City pairs

11. Planned FAA 2011 AIRE CDO Initiatives • Department of Defense • US Air Force Air Mobility Command (AMC) transatlantic flights • CDO to CHS • Business Aviation • Select CDO destinations

12. Backup

13. Demonstration Data Needs • Purpose of Data Exchange: • Support the standardization of benefits across demonstrations • Support benefits validation for automation development • May be a requirement of the safety process