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SABBI Barley Program

SABBI Barley Program . SMART breeding ( S election with M arkers and A dvanced R eproductive T echnologies) Conventional breeding Doubled haploid production Marker assisted selection. Program Goal. Develop SAB brand aligned barley varieties with superior: Yield potential Stability

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SABBI Barley Program

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  1. SABBI Barley Program • SMART breeding (Selection with Markers and Advanced Reproductive Technologies) • Conventional breeding • Doubled haploid production • Marker assisted selection

  2. Program Goal Develop SAB brand aligned barley varieties with superior: • Yield potential • Stability • Agronomic characteristics • Disease resistance • Malting quality • Brewing quality for the Southern Cape dry land area and the Northern Cape irrigation areas

  3. Northern Cape: Irrigation ±70 000 tons Southern Cape: Dry land ±150 000 tons Barley producing areas of South Africa

  4. Research facility near Caledon in Southern Cape

  5. Trial and F-generation material under irrigation

  6. Conventional breeding Program Phase 1: Crossing Collect germplasm Making crosses Phase 2: Selection in F-generations Phase 3: Trial evaluation Phase 4: Commercial evaluation Phase 5: Seed production and maintenance

  7. 4000 lines SABBI Barley Program 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Crosses F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Limited quality evaluation Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5 Micro malting Experimental release Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4 Final release Seed multiplication Commercial production

  8. Conventional breeding Program Phase1: Crossing Collect germ plasm Germ plasm are collected from all over the world to address the deficiencies in the program

  9. Most important characteristics Malt quality • Extract • Kolbach Index • FAN • Diastatic activity • Viscosity • AAL • Beta glucan Brewing quality Agronomic characteristics • Yield • Plumpness • Kernel nitrogen • Maturity • Straw length • Straw strength • Disease resistance • Fermentability • Brewing yield • Starch gelatinisation • temp • Filterability • Haze potential • Taste stability

  10. Conventional breeding Program Phase1: Crossing Making crosses

  11. Plant breeding parents

  12. Cross breeding parents

  13. Conventional breeding Program Phase 2: Selection in F-generations

  14. Conventional breeding Program Phase 2: Selection in F-generations

  15. 4000 lines 5000 lines 4000 lines 3000 lines Micro malting SABBI Barley Program 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Crosses F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Limited quality evaluation Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5 Experimental release Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4 Final release Seed multiplication Commercial production

  16. Single plant selection in wide rows from F2 to F4 generation for characteristics like tillering, straw strength and height, maturity and disease resistance;single row selection in F5 on same characteristics to be proceeded to Evaluation phase

  17. Conventional breeding Program Phase 3: Trial evaluation

  18. Micro malting 1000 lines 1 location 180 lines 2 locations 46 lines 2 locations 25 lines 12 locations 25 lines 12 locations SABBI Barley Program 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Crosses F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5 Experimental release Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4 Final release Seed multiplication Commercial production

  19. Plant blocks at different localities and evaluate for yield, plumpness, kernel nitrogen, germination energy, disease resistance and malting quality (Extract, KI, Viscosity, AAL, beta-glucans, FAN, DP)

  20. Conventional breeding Program Phase 4: Commercial evaluation

  21. SABBI Barley Program 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Crosses F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5 Experimental release Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4 Final release Seed multiplication Commercial production

  22. After experimental release varieties are planted by commercial producers for SABM and SAB to evaluate for malting and brewing quality for three years: Year 1, 350t Year 2, 1000t Year 3, 3000t

  23. Conventional breeding Program Phase 5: Seed production

  24. SABBI Barley Program 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Crosses F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5 Experimental release Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4 Final release Seed multiplication Commercial production

  25. In the Southern Cape Breeder and Foundation seed are produced. Foundation seed are sold to Agricultural businesses who produce Certified seed to be sold to the producers.Under irrigation we are involved in the whole seed chain.

  26. SABBI Barley Program Extension in program Doubled Haploid Production Marker Assisted Selection

  27. SABBI Barley Program Extension in program • Doubled Haploid production • Marker Assisted Selection

  28. Doubled Haploids Marker assisted selection SABBI Barley Program 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Crosses F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Limited quality evaluation Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5 Micro malting Experimental release Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4 Final release Seed multiplication Commercial production

  29. Doubled haploid production • The production of true breeding lines within one year to shorten the release time of new cultivars with three to four years • F1 seed (and sometimes F2 seed) from selected crosses are used to produce Doubled haploid plants

  30. Double haploid production Microspore method

  31. Double haploid production Anther culture method Anthers plated on medium Calli develop from anthers Calli transplanted onto regeneration medium and doubled haploid plants develop

  32. Marker assisted selection • The early identification of specific characteristics in the progeny of a specific cross. • Especially important for characteristics which is difficult to identify or measure in a conventional way • Indirect selection process through the ID of a unique DNA sequence occurring in proximity to a desired gene, by molecular techniques • Contracted to CENGEN

  33. Marker Assisted Selection Example of markers developed for specific traits

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