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The Metabolism of Hydrogen Producing Bacteria

The Metabolism of Hydrogen Producing Bacteria. T õnu Malsub. TTÜ, 200 5. Subjects. Introduction Metabolic pathways Research in our facility Appr. 20 min. Biological hydrogen production processes. Yields and production rates. Extreme Thermophiles

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The Metabolism of Hydrogen Producing Bacteria

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  1. The Metabolism of Hydrogen Producing Bacteria Tõnu Malsub TTÜ, 2005

  2. Subjects • Introduction • Metabolic pathways • Research in our facility • Appr. 20 min.

  3. Biological hydrogen production processes

  4. Yields and production rates • Extreme Thermophiles • Yield 83 – 100% (of the maximal theoretical value of 4 mol hydrogen/mol glucose) • Production rate low due to low densities • Clostridia • Max 4 mol/mol, normally 2 mol/mol • 23 mmol/(L*h) • Enterobacter • Below 2 mol/mol wild strains, mutants 3 mol/mol • 58 mmol/(L*h) - mutant • Co- and Mixed cultures • 2,6 mol/mol • 50 mmol/(L*h) • Our consortia, Residual Sludge as only substrate • Hydrogen: 0,01 mmol/(L*h) • Methane: 0,19 mmol/(L*h)

  5. Substrates • Residual Sludge from WWTP • Brewery waste • Milk industry waste • Agro-industrial waste • Yeast industry waste • Paper industry waste • Animal manure

  6. Polysaccharides Amylose Amylopectin Cellulose Xylan Disaccharides Sucrose Lactose Maltose Cellobiose Monosaccharides Glycose Galactose Fructose Xylose Amino Acids Alanine Substrates

  7. Energia • C6H12O6→ 3CO2 + 3CH4 • 1 mooli CH4 põletamisel saab 889,6 kJ • 3 x 889,6 = 2668,8 kJ • C6H12O6 + 2H2O →2CH3COOH + 4H2 +2CO2 • 1 mooli H2 põletamisel saab 284 kJ • 4 x 284 = 1136 kJ • Metaanist saab~2,35 korda rohkem energiat

  8. Calculated for Higher Heating Value (HHV) 1 mole of glucose yields either 12 molesofH2 (3.4 MJ/mole) or 4 moles of H2 and 2 moles of CH4 gives (2,9 MJ/mole) or 3 moles of CH4 (2.7 MJ/mole) or 2 moles ofC2H5OH(2,0 MJ/mole)

  9. Organic acids Lactic acid Formic acid Acetic acid Propionic acid Butyric acid (Valeric acid) Succinic acid Fumaric acid Malic acid Capronic acid Etc. Alcohols Ethanol Propanol Butanol 2,3-Butanediol Etc. Rest Aceta-aldehyde Diacetyl Acetoin Acetone Etc. End-products that can be formed

  10. Future plans • Fermentations with Residual Sludge mixed with other wastes rich in carbohydrates • Analyse microbial communities by using V3 region of 16SrDNA sequences using gel electrophoresis (DGGE) • Determination chemical composition of residual sludge • Fermentations on different temperatures 30 – 55 oC • Monitor pH during fermentation • Enrich fermentations with pure cultures and their combinations of E. coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Clostridium acetobutylicum • Explore the effect of extra nutrients (glucose, peptone)

  11. WastetoGold

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