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United States 1950s-1960s

United States 1950s-1960s. Civil Disobedience. definition refusal to obey a law that is considered unjust by using nonviolent techniques such as boycotting, picketing, and sit-ins, especially for the purpose of bringing about change to said unjust law.

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United States 1950s-1960s

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  1. United States1950s-1960s

  2. Civil Disobedience definition refusal to obey a law that is considered unjust by using nonviolent techniques such as boycotting, picketing, and sit-ins, especially for the purpose of bringing about change to said unjust law

  3. “An unjust law is a code that a majority inflicts on a minority that is not binding on itself. This is difference made legal.”

  4. “On the other hand a just law is a code that a majority compels a minority to follow that it is willing to follow itself. This is sameness made legal.”

  5. Brown v. Board of Education1954 • background -Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 -segregation is legal if “separate, but equal” • Brown v. Board of Ed. overturned this -segregation in public schools is unconstitutional because not “equal” • paved the way for further integration

  6. #1 1957: Little Rock Nine

  7. “There are just and there are unjust laws. I would agree with Saint Augustine that, ‘An unjust law is no law at all.’”

  8. #2 1955: Montgomery Bus Boycott

  9. Montgomery Bus Boycott1955 • December 1, 1955-December 21, 1956 • sparked by Rosa Parks’ arrest -Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white man • people walked and carpooled to work, to run errands, etc.

  10. “Nonviolent direct action seeks to create such a crisis and establish such creative tension that a community has constantly refused to negotiate is forced to confront the issue.”

  11. #3 1963: Woolworth’s SIT-INJackson, Mississippi

  12. “One who breaks an unjust law must do it openly, lovingly, and with a willingness to accept the penalty.”

  13. Civil Rights Act1964 • proposed by Pres. Kennedy, signed by Pres. Johnson • made racial discrimination illegal in public places, such as -theaters, restaurants, & hotels • also dealt with problem of African-Americans voting in the Deep South

  14. #4 1963: a marchBirmingham, Alabama

  15. “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere…Whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly.”

  16. Other Civil Rights Leaders • WEB du Bois (1868-1963) • wanted African-Americans to assimilate into white culture, which would make them equal • Malcolm X (1925-1965) • wanted a separate country for black people until it was possible for them all to return to Africa

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