1950s/1960s culture 1970s-2009 Events

1. 1950s/1960s culture1970s-2009 Events Mrs. Newman

2. The Beatles -Rock and pop band from Liverpool, England that formed in 1960 -John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Ringo Starr -musical style was rooted in 1950s rock and roll -Their clothes, style and statements made them trend-setters -After the band broke up in 1970, all four members embarked upon successful solo careers.

3. Beatniks (1950s/1960s) • rejection of mainstream American values, experimentation with drugs and alternate forms of sexuality, and an interest in Eastern spirituality

4. American Indian Mvmt. 1960s-present • group has led protests • Worked on issues regarding Native Americans • Culture • Reservations • Relationship with the U.S. govt.

5. César Chávez (1927-1993) • A Mexican American farm worker • Labor leader • Civil rights activist • w/ Dolores Huerta- founded the National Farm Workers Association (United Farm Workers) “We are suffering. We have suffered. And we are not afraid to suffer in order to win our cause."

6. Ayn Rand (1905-1982) • Russian-American novelist, philosopher, playwright, and screenwriter • She is known for her best-selling novels and for developing a philosophical system called objectivism (reality exists independent of consciousness) “Throughout the centuries there were men who took first steps down new roads armed with nothing but their own vision.”

7. Andy Warhol • American painter, printmaker, and filmmaker • leading figure in the visual art mvmt. known as pop art

8. Silent Spring by Rachel Carson- 1962 • Helped launch the environmental movement • Documented the effect of pesticides on the environment, especially birds • Discussed pollution

9. OPEC *Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries* • Cartel of 12 countries: Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. • Basically control how much oil costs (a barrel) = high prices at the pump

10. Watergate http://www.history.com/videos/watergate-forces-nixon-to-resign#watergate-forces-nixon-to-resign • Political scandal during Nixon’s presidency (men sent by Nixon broke into the Democratic National Committee headquarters) • resulted in the indictment & conviction of several of Nixon's closest advisors, and ultimately his resignation on August 9, 1974. “People have got to know whether or not their President is a crook. Well, I'm not a crook. I've earned everything I've got.”- Nixon

11. Nixon’s pardon • On September 8, 1974, Ford gave Nixon a full and unconditional pardon for any crimes he may have committed against the United States while President. I pardon you! Yes!!!!

12. Iran Hostage Crisis • b/w Iran & the U.S. • group of Islamist students took over the American embassy in support of the Iranian revolution • 52 U.S. diplomats held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979 to January 20, 1981

13. Iran-Contra affair- Nov. 1986 • Political scandal in the U.S. during the Reagan administration • arms-for-hostages deal with Iran and funding for the Nicaraguan Contras (rebel group)

14. “Star Wars” Initiative • proposal by President Reagan (Mar. 1983) to use ground and space-based systems to protect the U.S. from attack by strategic nuclear ballistic missiles.

15. Reaganomics • reduce the growth of government spending • reduce income and capital gains marginal tax rates • reduce government regulation of the economy • control the money supply to reduce inflation

16. Berlin Wall Speech (1987) • “We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace. There is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace. General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization, come here to this gate. Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate. Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” • Pres. Reagan

17. Persian Gulf War/ Operation Desert Storm • 2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991) • between Iraq & a coalition force (34 countries) • expelled Iraqi forces from Kuwait after Iraq’s occupation & annexation of Kuwait in August 1990.

18. NAFTA*North American Free Trade Agreement* • a trilateral trade bloc in North America created by the governments of the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

19. Clinton & Impeachment (1998/1999) • The charges- perjury, obstruction of justice, and abuse of power arose from the Lewinsky scandal & the Paula Jones lawsuit. • It was only the second impeachment of a President in American history, following the impeachment of Andrew Johnson in 1868. Billy C. Not Guilty! Woo-hoo!

20. Sept. 11, 2001 (9/11) • series of coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda upon the U.S. on September 11, 2001. • 2,998 dead • including Flight 93 Pentagon deaths, & the 2 Towers

21. 2002 Events • President Bush's first State of the Union address vows to expand the fight on terrorism and labels Iran, Iraq, and North Korea "an axis of evil" (Jan. 29). • Boston archbishop Cardinal Bernard Law resigns as a result of the Catholic Church's sexual abuse scandals and cover-up of priest-child molestation. (Dec. 13).

22. 2003 Events • Space shuttle Columbia explodes, killing all 7 astronauts (Feb. 1). • President Bush signs $87.5 billion emergency package for post-war Iraq reconstruction; this supplements $79 billion approved in April. (Nov. 5).

23. 2004 Events • U.S. media release graphic photos of American soldiers abusing and sexually humiliating Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison. Images spark outrage around the world (April 30). • Gay marriages begin in Massachusetts, the first state in the country to legalize such unions (May 17). • U.S.’s final report on Iraq’s weapons finds no WMDs (Sept. 16). • George W. Bush is reelected president, defeats John Kerry (Nov. 2).

24. 2005 Events • Hurricane Katrina wreaks catastrophic damage on the Gulf coast; more than 1,000 die and millions are left homeless. Americans are shaken not simply by the magnitude of the disaster but by how ill-prepared all levels of government are in its aftermath. (Aug. 25-30). • Another major hurricane, Rita, ravages the Gulf coast (Sept. 23). • The press reveals that in 2002, Bush signed a presidential order to allow the National Security Agency to spy on Americans suspected of being connected to terrorist activity without warrants. (Dec. 15).

25. 2006 Events • President Bush signs a law renewing the Patriot Act, including a signing statement stating that he does not consider himself bound by its requirement to tell Congress how the law is being used (Mar. 9). • President Bush uses his veto power for the first time, striking down legislation that would have expanded the number of stem cell lines available for embryonic research using federal financing. (July 19).

26. 2007 Events • California Democrat Nancy Pelosi becomes the first woman speaker of the House and will preside over the 100th Congress. (Jan. 4). • The minimum wage increases to $5.85, up from $5.15. It's the first increase in 10 years. The wage will increase 70 cents each year through 2009, when it will be $7.25 an hour (July 24). • President Bush signs law that legalizes government eavesdropping of telephone conversations and emails of American citizens and people overseas without a warrant as long as there is a "reasonable belief" that one party is not in the United States (Aug. 5).

27. 2008 Events • Barack Obama prevailed over John McCain and will become the nation's first African-American president • The 2008 congressional races featured several headline-making scandals and upsets • The grim financial situation hit many aspects of the U.S. economy and our pocketbooks

28. 2009 Events • Obama, Biden Sworn into Office (Jan. 20) • Secret Prisons and Detention Camps at Guantanamo Ordered Closed (Jan. 22) • Obama Signs Equal-Pay Legislation (Jan. 29) • Obama Announces Date to End Iraq War (Feb. 27):withdraw most American troops out of Iraq by August 31, 2010.

29. 2010-2011What major events?HMWK- Make a list of 10 major events from 2010-2011 & give a sentence or two description of each.